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Background Information (Specificity on substrates (Lock & key model…
Background Information
Role in metabolism
Enzymes are indispensable to life -> responsible for numerous functions in the body: storage & release of energy, course of reproduction, processes of respiration, etc.
**[e.g.] some enzymes break down large molecules (proteins, fats, carbohydrates) into smaller molecules; other enzymes form large molecules from small molecules to produce cellular constituents**
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Cells constantly carrying out thousands of chemical reactions needed to keep cell & body alive/healthy -> reactions often linked together in chains/pathways
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Catalysts
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Enzyme never chemically altered by reaction so can be reused in subsequent reactions -> enzyme controlled reactions always reversible
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Metabolic pathway: series of connect chemical reactions that feed each other -> pathway takes in starting molecules & converts them into products
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Chemical composition
All known enzymes are proteins -> high molecular weight compounds composed of amino acid chains linked together by peptide bonds
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Amino acids: organic compounds made of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen & Sulfur (in some cases) bonded in characteristic formations
May have side chains -> large/small, acidic/basic, hydrophilic/hydrophobic
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