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AQA GCSE Music - Traditional Music (JAZZ (INSTRUMENTS (π Saxophones (Altoβ¦
AQA GCSE Music - Traditional Music
THE BLUES
INSTRUMENTS
π Harmonica
π Guitar
π Banjo
(π Violin)
π Piano
π Double Bass
π Brass - often with mutes
π Saxophone
π Drum kit
INFLUENCES
π Work songs - about hardship and misery - tone of sadness
π African music styles
Call and response
π Blended with european music - e.g use of chords
FEATURES
π Flattened 3rd, 5th and 7th of any major scale - Blues scale
"Blue Notes"
π Swung Rhythm - long short
π Suffle Rhythm - based on triplet subdivisions (dum-DA dum-DA)
π Syncopation - offbeat sound by avoiding the strong beats
π Beats 2 and 4 emphasised (backbeat)
π 12 bar blues
(π Also can be 16 bar blues)
JAZZ
INSTRUMENTS
π Trumpet
π Trombone
π Clarinet
π Saxophones
Alto - Tenor - Baritone
π Piano
π Drums
π Double Bass
π Guitar
π Voice
INFLUENCES
π Fusion between African, European,
Blues and Ragtime
TYPES
π
Swing
Music
fast, swung rhythms : can be danced to
4/4 time usually
regular phrases - emphasised first and third beat - easier to dance to
more acceptable - played on radio - introduced to wider audience
π
Bebop
- developed from swing
fast - lots of improvisation
complex harmonies
syncopated rhythms
irregular phrase lengths
less structured than swing
π
Free Jazz
didn't follow normal rules of tempo and rhythm
players would all play at different speeds
no regular rhythm
lots of improvisation
soloists don't follow the chords or structure of the band
FEATURES
π early jazz based on 12 bar blues
π Rhythm section - played chords
π Front row - played improvised meoldies on top
π call and response
π blue notes
π Syncopation and swung rhythms
π Soloist devices
Triplets and dotted rhythms
Blue notes
Ornaments
*Passing notes
*appoggiaturas
Range of dynamics
Accents
Dissonant notes
Use bits from other tunes
Singers can use scat
AFRICAN MUSIC : SUB-SAHARAN
INSTRUMENTS
π Djembe
π Dunduns
π Donno
π Balafon
π Kora
π mbira (thumb piano)
FEATURES
π Complex rhythms
Rhythmic cycles with accents in different places
Often played at the same time
Polyrhythm
Cross Rhythms - to add tension
π
Syncopated effect
can be given to notes which dont fall on strong beat
π Based on
cycles
- players make
small variations
- adds
development
to the basic patterns
VOICE FEATURES
A Cappella
Mbube - lead vocals, high pitched, loud , powerful
Isicathamiya - four-part harmonies, softer, gentler, call and response
Portamento (glissandos), whistles, yodels
CARIBBEAN
