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1st Crusade (Reasons why (Emperor Alexius wanted to gather support for his…
1st Crusade
Reasons why
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There were huge levels of religious enthusiasm that had been thwarted by restrictions on pilgrimages to Jerusalem
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The Pope was looking for a way to assert his authority over princes in Western Europe and establish control over them
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Key Events
Nov, 1095: Pope Urban II speaks to the Council of Clermont and calls for a crusade to free the Holy Land.
Spring, 1096: People's Crusade sets out from Europe.
Aug, 1096: Emperor Alexius of Constantinople ships the People's Crusade over the Bosporus
Late Summer, 1096: First Crusade leaders were departing Europe
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Spring, 1097: First Crusade contingents assembling in Constantinople
End of Apr, 1097: First Crusade begins the march in Anatolia to Nicaea
Late May, 1097: Nicaea surrenders to Alexius
Late June, 1097: First Crusaders march overland from Nicaea toward Dorylaeum
Oct 21, 1097: Crusaders arrive at Antioch and fight a long, bitter siege.
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Mar 10, 1098: Citizens of Edessa give Baldwin control of the city
Jun 1, 1098: Stephen of Blois and a large group of French leave the siege of Antioch
Jun 3, 1098: Firuz opens Antioch to Bohemond and the First Crusaders
Jun 5-9, 1098: Kerbogha arrives at Antioch and besieges the First Crusaders
Jun 14, 1098: Peter Bartholomew finds the Holy Lance
Jun 28, 1098: Crusaders beat back Kerbogha's counter-siege of Antioch
Nov 27-Dec 11, 1098: Crusaders capture M'arrat-an-Numan
Jan 13, 1099: Raymond of Toulouse leads the first contingent away from Antioch and toward Jerusalem
Feb 14, 1099: Raymond begins the siege of Arqah, near Tripoli
Late Mar, 1099: Godfrey and Robert of Flanders join the siege of Arqah
Mid-May, 1099: Raymond gives up on Arqah and marches to Jerusalem
Jun 6, 1099: Citizens of Bethlehem ask Tancred to protect them
Jun 7, 1099: Godfrey's army arrives at Jerusalem
Jun 13, 1099: Crusaders initially fail to take Jerusalem by storm
Jul 15, 1099: Godfrey breaches the walls of Jerusalem near Herod's Gate; The First Crusaders capture the Holy City of Jerusalem.
Byzantine need for help
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Balkans raided by the Pechenegs, the Normans launched an attack from Southern Italy and the Seljuks reached the shores of the Bosphorus