The Periodic table
Dalton's atomic theory
Dalton stated that:
🔵All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms.
💥 Atoms are indestructible, cannot be created, or destroyed.
🔵🔵🔵The atoms in an element are all identical.
🔵🔵🔴🔴In compounds, each atom of an element is always joined to a fixed number of atoms of the other element.
Word equations
During chemical reactions, atoms rearrange, to make new substances:
hydrogen + chlorine =>hydrogen chloride
R E A C T A N T S => P R O D U C T S
Signs of a chemical reaction include:
🔴Colour change
🌬Gas produced
🔷Solid formed from solution
🏎Energy change
Elements and their symbols
Sodium – (Na)
Potassium – (K)
Iron – (Fe)
Copper – (Cu)
Silver – (Ag)
Tin – (Sn)
Gold – (Au)
Mercury – (Hg)
Lead – (Pb)
Metals and non-metals
Chemical properties (e.g. flammability, pH, reaction with acid)
Physical properties (e.g. melting point, boiling point, density)
Metal properties:
High melting points
Good conductors of heat and electricity
Shiny (when polished)
Strong and flexible
Malleable
Non-metal properties:
Low melting point
Brittle (when solid)
Not shiny
Poor conductors of heat and electricity.
To remember: