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human host defense mechanisms against infection (First Line of Defense…
human host defense mechanisms against infection
First Line of Defense
Barrier Immunity
restrain germs / bacteria from going into the body
MUCOUS MEMBRANE
Is to prevent microorganisms from attaching on to host cells
penetration by microbes
Acts as a physical barrier
SECRETIONS OF SKIN & MUCOUS MEMBRANES
Acidity
- protects urogenital tracts
Prevents harmful bacteria from growing and helps maintain the number of protective bacteria.
coated with secretions that fight microorganisms
SKIN
prevent invading of microorganisms
Thick layers of dead cells in the epidermis which provides a physical barrier
It also maintain the level of PH
It also secretes oil (sebum) to protect from infection
Third Line of Defense
Adaptive Immunity
ANTIBODIES
Target the specific invading microorganism
LYMPHOCYTES
Killer T cells
- can recognise & kill the invading microorganism
B cells
- male antibodies specific for the pathogens
INDUCED IMMUNITY
PASSIVE IMMUNITY
ARTIFICIAL
Antibodies are injected into a person
NATURAL
Antibodies entering a person's body in a natural manner.
Antibodies from another organism enter the person's body
ACTIVE IMMUNITY
ARTIFICIAL
Introduced the germs/ bacteria as a form of vaccine
NATURAL
Germs/Bacteria entering the body in the natural manner
Antibodies produced in the body
Second Line of Defense
Innate Immunity
ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
Stop microorganism growth
agent that kills microorganisms
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
Wall off the area, Attack & kill any invaders
Dispose of dead and damaged tissue & Begin the process of repair
FEVER
Body temperature increases as a protective response to infection and injury