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Module 13: Brain Injury (TREATMENT: SUB ACUTE/CHRONIC - often required…

- - - - Diffuse axonal: Acceleration/deceleration - shearing of axons + inflammation
      - Polar: Countercoup
      - Local: SDH/SAH
      - Laceration: Contusion, tear
    - - Vegatative State: wakeful/eyes open but no awareness - non purposeful or reflexive moves only
      - Minimally conscious state: Wakeful and minimally aware. May be able to track with eyes, localise to sound/pain, reach/hold, automatic moves
      - Coma: Not awake or aware
    - - Aneurysms/malformations
      - Tumor
      - Infectious process ie abscess, meningitis, encephalitis
- - - - Behavioural (common - frustration, etc)
      - Emotional
      - Memory
      - Reasoning
  - - - GCS
      - PTA - Post Traumatic Amnesia Scale
      - MMSE - Mini Mental State Exam
    - - Raised ICP - headache, altered LOC, Nausea or vomiting
    - - SMART: Sensory Modality Assessment and Rehab technique (need to be skilled/trained)
      - Re-Assessment/continued monitoring for change
      - WHIM - Wessex Head Injury Matrix (need to be skilled/trained)