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Capacitance (Formulas (Sum of Capacitance (Parallel
\(C_T=C_1+C_2+C_3…\),…
Capacitance
Formulas
\(C= \varepsilon_0\frac{A}{d} \)
\(\varepsilon_0\) is permittivity of free space \(8.85\times10^{-12}\)
\(A\) is surface area of plates
\(d\) is separation of plates
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Charging
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Process
Electrons flow from :no_entry: terminal of :zap: to one plate of capacitor and from other plate to :heavy_plus_sign:
Potential difference across capacitor and charge increases at a decreasing rate
Current and rate of rise of potential difference both fall exponentially as electrons on :no_entry: plate repels new electrons and stops current
Current stops flowing when potential difference across capacitor equals potential difference across supply voltage
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Discharging Process
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Time constant:
Time taken for discharging capacitor to fall to 36.8% (e^-1
Time taken for charging capacitor to rise to 63.2%)
\(\tau=RC\)
Half-Life
Time taken for charge to decrease to half its initial value
\(\tau=\frac{T_{1/2}}{\ln 2}\)
can be used to estimate time constant of graph
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