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Issues for anti - moral realism (Moral progress (Second response (If we…
Issues for anti - moral realism
Can moral anti - realism account for how we use moral language?
Emotivism
Done by non - moral language as well
Advertising
Always function to influence others?
Express to those who agree?
Indifferent to our views
Doesn't show we aren't expressing a moral judgement
Not always particularly emotive
How strong?
Purpose of moral language is to influence what others do
Not always the purpose
Fact - stating insults
Doesn't make the meaning of the sentence emotive
Doesn't show moral language is 'essentially' emotive, only it isn't always
Prescriptivism
Has other functions than prescribe
Response
Guides choices and actions
Not on every occasion
Acting on a committed moral judgement
Doesn't necessarily support prescriptivism
Not always commending and commanding that make a link
Desires and attitudes also makes such links
Moral Nihlism
Rejection of all moral values and principles
Nothing is of moral value
We invent them
No obligation to be moral
If moral properties are not objective then why would we accept morality
Response
Unfair simplification
Straightforward misunderstanding
Error theory allows subjective moral values
Does not imply we should stop having moral feelings
Show disapproval of anyone who advocates that morality doesn't matter or is just a matter of taste
Adopting standards doesn't show that we should stop making prescriptions
Response
Unjustifiable
Isn't the reason we are interfering
Moral progress
If there is no moral reality then our moral views cannot better or worse
Slavery
Can be very real improvements in people's moral views if they become more rational
Know certain facts they did not know
Slavery
Based on facts not belief
Become more willing/consistent to universalise their principles
Meat eating
Coherent in moral judgements
Conflicting issues
Implications of our views
People do not always think logically
Plenty of room for moral progress
More rational in moral thinking not more correct
Second response
If we disapprove of past moral codes and approve of our own moral code, then we will say that we have made moral progress
Society has moved from moral principles that are good
Means moral progress is relative to a particular moral point of view
No special problem about how to explain moral progress