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Attachment (Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation (Effects on…
Attachment
Cultural variations in attachment
Van IJzendoorn
Other studies
Korean
Italian
EVALUATION
Ainsworth's Strange Situation
Procedure
Findings
EVALUATION
Explanation: Learning theory
Classical conditioning
food (UCS) -----> Pleasure (UCR)
caregiver (NS) + food -----> pleasure
Operant conditioning
behaviour is reinforced - crying is comforted
EVALUATION
Counter evidence - animals don't always attach to those who feed them (lorenz geese study, harlow's monkey study)
Counter evidence - Schaffer and Emerson found that babies formed primary attachment to mother even though other careers did majority of feeding.
Attachment as a secondary drive
drive reduction - hunger = primary drive and attachment = secondary drive
Animal studies on attachment
Lorenz
Harlow
EVALUATION
Lorenz
Harlow
Schaffer's stages of attachment
The study
Method
Findings
The stages
EVALUATION
The stages
Method
Explanations: Bowlby's Monotropic theory
Monotropy
CHildren form a attachment with a primary caregiver a monotropic theory. This attachment is different and more important then others.
Social releasers and the critical period
babies born with innate behaviors designed to attract attention
these allow for a two way attachment
bowlby proposed a critical period(0-2) for attachment. child will find it hard to make an attachment later in life if one is not made in the critical period.
EVALUATION
Internal working model
Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation
The critical period
Effects on development
Emotional
Intellectual
Separation vs deprivation
Bowlby's 44 thieves
Procedure
Findings
EVALUATION
Romanian orphan studies
Influence of early attachment later in life