Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
First 5 Presidents (Adams (XYZ Affair (Alien and Sedition Acts…
First 5 Presidents
Adams
-
XYZ Affair
Alien and Sedition Acts
-
Extended time for immigrants to become citizens, the president could deport or arrest supposed dangerous immigrants, illegalized criticism of the government. Caused in uproar in the democratic republican party and lost Adams a lot of popularity.
France refused to negotiate the resolution of tensions with the United States unless the U.S. paid a large portion of money and granted a loan to France. Resulted in support of Britain throughout the U.S. and the Alien and Sedition Acts.
Midnight Appointments
At the end of his presidency, Adams filled the Supreme Court with federalist judges in order to keep the judiciary branch of government federalist even though Jefferson would be president. Infuriated the democratic republicans. Led to John Marshall becoming Chief Justice.
John Marshall
Was the fourth Supreme Court Chief Justice in the United States. Was a federalist appointed by Adams and set a lot of power for the supreme court by establishing things such as judicial review.
Jefferson
Louisiana Purchase
Thomas Jefferson bought all of the Louisiana territory from Napoleon Bonaparte for $15 million and doubled the size of the country and opened it up to exploration and future coastal territory claims. This however did go against Jefferson's strict interpretation of the Constitution.
Barbary Pirates
Pirates that demanded payment from the United States for not capturing U.S. ships. Washington and Adams paid this tax, but Jefferson decided to go to war against the pirates. This led to a stronger U.S. navy and more respect for the U.S. as an independent nation.
Embargo Act
Jefferson made trade to and from Great Britain illegal in the United States. This destroyed the U.S. economy and contributed to the start of the War of 1812. However, it made New England more independent and increased industrialization.
Jefferson vs. Adams
Jefferson was a democratic republican and supported France, and Adams was a federalist and supported Great Britain. Jefferson believed in a strict interpretation of the U.S. Constitution, and States' rights as opposed to a strong federal government.
Washington
Whiskey Rebellion
After the new Constitution was implemented, a group of people began to violently protest high whiskey taxes. However, Washington was able to quickly put the rebellion down with the new standing army the United States had. Unlike Shay's rebellion, the Whiskey Rebellion proved that the new government was strong enough to handle domestic affairs.
Hamilton's Economic Plan
Called the plan of "assumption", the United States would incur a federal debt by taking on all of the debts of the states. Once these debts were paid off, the United States would have the national credit needed to take loans from other countries.
Farewell Address
During his Farewell Address, Washington warned against permanent foreign alliances that would entangle the United States, as he feared they would pull the United States into an unwanted war. He also warned against the creation of political parties as they would create major tensions in the United States government.
Monroe
Era of Good Feelings
After the War of 1812, the United States experienced a short time of relative peace internationally as well as nationally, since Great Britain had been defeated and the federalist party no longer existed to struggle with the democratic republican party.
Monroe Doctrine
Stated that the entirety of the Western Hemisphere is closed to further colonization and that Europe needs to stay out of western affairs. In return, the United States would stay out of Europe's affairs.
Madison
War of 1812
Caused by impressment of American sailors by Great Britain, Britain's arming of natives in the United States, and their blockade of trade, the War of 1812 lasted almost 3 years and gained the United States even more respect as an independent nation. Also gave rise to war heroes like Andrew Jackson and the creation of the Star Spangled Banner.
Hartford Convention
The New England states were suffering economically from the War of 1812 and proposed 7 new amendments to the Constitution as well as threatened to secede, but the war was already over as the Treaty of Ghent had been signed. Led to the collapse of the federalist party.