France refused to negotiate the resolution of tensions with the United States unless the U.S. paid a large portion of money and granted a loan to France. Resulted in support of Britain throughout the U.S. and the Alien and Sedition Acts.

Extended time for immigrants to become citizens, the president could deport or arrest supposed dangerous immigrants, illegalized criticism of the government. Caused in uproar in the democratic republican party and lost Adams a lot of popularity.

In response to the Alien and Sedition Acts, Kentucky and Virginia, assisted by Jefferson, stated that they could nullify federal law. Set a precedent for South Carolina's nullification crisis and the South during the Civil War.

Called the plan of "assumption", the United States would incur a federal debt by taking on all of the debts of the states. Once these debts were paid off, the United States would have the national credit needed to take loans from other countries.

After the new Constitution was implemented, a group of people began to violently protest high whiskey taxes. However, Washington was able to quickly put the rebellion down with the new standing army the United States had. Unlike Shay's rebellion, the Whiskey Rebellion proved that the new government was strong enough to handle domestic affairs.

During his Farewell Address, Washington warned against permanent foreign alliances that would entangle the United States, as he feared they would pull the United States into an unwanted war. He also warned against the creation of political parties as they would create major tensions in the United States government.

Was the fourth Supreme Court Chief Justice in the United States. Was a federalist appointed by Adams and set a lot of power for the supreme court by establishing things such as judicial review.

At the end of his presidency, Adams filled the Supreme Court with federalist judges in order to keep the judiciary branch of government federalist even though Jefferson would be president. Infuriated the democratic republicans. Led to John Marshall becoming Chief Justice.

Federalists believed in a loose interpretation of the Constitution and a strong federal government, while Jeffersonian-Republicans believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution and more states' rights than federal strength.

Pirates that demanded payment from the United States for not capturing U.S. ships. Washington and Adams paid this tax, but Jefferson decided to go to war against the pirates. This led to a stronger U.S. navy and more respect for the U.S. as an independent nation.

Jefferson made trade to and from Great Britain illegal in the United States. This destroyed the U.S. economy and contributed to the start of the War of 1812. However, it made New England more independent and increased industrialization.

Thomas Jefferson bought all of the Louisiana territory from Napoleon Bonaparte for $15 million and doubled the size of the country and opened it up to exploration and future coastal territory claims. This however did go against Jefferson's strict interpretation of the Constitution.

Jefferson was a democratic republican and supported France, and Adams was a federalist and supported Great Britain. Jefferson believed in a strict interpretation of the U.S. Constitution, and States' rights as opposed to a strong federal government.