Chapter 9 - Flowers and Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
Flower Structure and Cross Polination
Inflourescence and pollination
Flower Structure
Gametophytes
The plant life cycle
Fertilization
unlike animals, second gametes do not die off, they find a second egg
Embryo and seed development
Fruit Development
monoecious and dioecious species
animal - pollinated flowers
stigma and pollen incompability
wind - pollinated flowers
stamen and style maturation times
ovary position
Cross - pollination
Fruit types and seed dispersal
True fruits and accessory fruits
classification of fruit types
fragmentation is the main mode of asexual reproduction with budding being the second
composed of sepals, petals, stamens, carpels, and ovules
microgametophyte
contains up to three cells, present in the pollen tube
megagametophyte
contains 8 nuclei, and a seven cells
fusion of the sperm to the egg
seed develops apical meristem, hypocotyl, radicle, and suspensor inside the embryo, seed is hardened after formation and then dehydrated
contains exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp
receiving pollen from another plant
pollen is released at different times than from when the eggs are ready
insurance from the plant that it does not cross pollinate, inhibited by chemicals
differentiated by weather flowers contain both sets of reproductive organs or not
flowers shape, scent, and color themselves to be highly findable by animals, often offering nutrition
use wind to spread pollen, emit pollen in mass quantities
flowers are designed to hide away nutritious ovules from pollinating animals, usually done by elongating the tube
brighter colors allow for selective pollinators and a much higher chance of pollination with less risk associated with producing larger flowers
contains fleshy or dry dependent upon moisture content, and dehiscent and indehescint fruits dependent upon the way of opening
made to be eaten by animals - group contains simple, aggregate, and multiple fruits
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