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disorders of the middle ear (acute otitis media (causes (various bacteria,…
disorders of the middle ear
acute otitis media
definition
inflammmation and infection of the middle ear
causes
various bacteria
respiratory tract infection
alllergic reaction
discharge from the inner ear
perforation of the ear drum
pathophysiology
in respiratory infections, the infective organisms ascend along the euatachian tube into the middle ear.
the inflammation reaction caused by this results in eustachian tube becoming swollen and blocked
fluid stsgnstes because there is no drainage, the movable joints of the ossicle become immovable and transmission of sound wave
assesment
histroy of respiratory infection
check for colness and tonsilities
serous drainage
pinna must be palpated to exclude mastoiditis
nursing management
administration of prescribed medication
perform dry wiking
clinical manifestation
perculant discharge
decreased hearing
negative pressure in the middle ear
perforation
chronic otitis media
definition
A middle ear infection, also called otitis media, occurs when a virus or bacteria cause the area behind the eardrum to become inflamed.
causes
There are a number of reasons why children get middle ear infections..
They often stem from a prior infection of the respiratory tract that spreads to the ears.
When the tube that connects the middle ear to the pharynx (eustachian tube) is blocked, fluid will collect behind the eardrum. Bacteria will often grow in the fluid, causing pain and infection.
clinical manifestation
decreased appetite
diarrhea
nausea and vomiting
problems hearing
loss of balance
yellow, clear, or bloody discharge from the ears
fever
tugging or pulling at the ears
difficulty sleeping
irritability
ear pain
complications
infection that spreads to the bones of the ear
infection that spreads to the fluid around the brain and spinal cord
permanent hearing loss
ruptured eardrums
diagnosis of disorders
infection that spreads to the bones of the ear
infection that spreads to the fluid around the brain and spinal cord
permanent hearing loss
ruptured eardrums
otosclerosis
definition
this is a condition where the moveable joint between the ossicles in the middle ear are fixed or their mobility is reduced significantly
pathophysiology
there is a progressive loss of stapes movement due to the formation of sclerotic bone, which fixes the foot plate onto the oval window
nursing management
communicate with the patient
the patient should be referred to audiometric