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DEGENERATIVE OCULAR CONDITIONS (Degeneration of the eyelids (ECTROPION…
DEGENERATIVE OCULAR CONDITIONS
Degeneration of the eyelids
ENTROPION
the turning around of the lid; the condition may be congenital
due to ageing or scarring following trauma to the eye
Treatment is surgical
ECTROPION
Eversion of the lower lid, usually bilaterally
May be congenital or age-related, or may follow seventh nerve palsy
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
: watering of the eye, irritation and exposure keratitis
treatment
: surgical
DEGENERATION OF THE CONJUCTIVA
PINGUECULA
A common benign lesion of the conjunctiva consisting of a yellowish white nodule on the bulbar conjunctiva in the area of the palpebral.
In some instances it may become inflammed
The condition rarely needs treatment
PTERYGIUM
A triangular growth of conjunctival tissue occurring on the nasal bulbar conjunctiva;
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
: The apex slowly grows towards the cornea where it will interfere with vision if it reaches the pupillary area.
The condition is usually bilateral
Presents with inflammation and irritation
MANAGEMENT;
Anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics
Surgery is indicated where the pterygium is encroaching on the cornea
HEALTH EDUCATION
: patients should be advised to wear UV light-protective sunglasses to prevent pterygium.
DEGENERATION OF THE SCLERA
STAPHYLOMA
A thinning and protrusion of part of the eyeball lined with uveal tissue.
CAUSES
: it is caused by severe and prolonged increased intraocular pressure, thinning of the sclera, trauma, growths, tuberculosis, syphilis and myopia.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION:
logophthalmos, lacrimation, ectropion, iridodialysis and subluxated lens.
DEEGENERATION OF THE VITREOUS HUMOUR
FLOATERS
definition
: are spots that appear in the visual field and are mainly due to degeneration and increased fluidity of the vitreous
Floaters do not normally affect vision but patients will complain that a speck is floating about in the field of vision.
Treatment is not necessary