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impaired cerebral circulation (CEREBRAL HYPOXIA (CAUSES (if the blood flow…
impaired cerebral circulation
CEREBRAL HYPOXIA
CAUSES
if the blood flow cannot be increased,symptoms of cerebral hypoxia will begin to appear.mild symptoms include difficulties with complex learning tasks and reduction in short-term memory.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
progressive and incontrollable depolarization of neurons during stroke or brain ischemia in which there is inadequate supply of blood to the brain.
DEFINITION
is a reduced oxygen supply to the brain :
NURSING MANAGEMENT
check blood pressure,pulse, level of consciousness,pupillary response and motor function hourly.
CEREBRAL THROMBOSIS
ASSESSMENTS AND CLINICAL FINDINGS
patient experience have a headache, symptoms of stroke, inability to move one or more limbs, weakness on one side of the face or difficulty speaking
NURSING MANAGEMENT
give heparin subcutaneously,provide comfort.
DEFINITION
is the presence of blood clots in the dural venous sinuses,which drain blood from the brain
CAUSES
it may occur in patients presenting with meningitis and infection of the ear,nose and throat.also in patients with particular blood disorders
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
a major sinus block leads to intracranial hypertension where as the deep cortical occlusion would cause localised oedema , venous infarction and petechial haemorrhages.
CEREBRAL EMBOLISM
DEFINITION
a blockage of blood flow through a vessel in the brain by a blood clot that formed elsewhere in the body and traveled to the brain.
.CAUSES
neoplasms,pregnancy and eostrogen use, ombosis, orthopedic, abdominal and genitourinary procedure
ASSESSMENTS AND CLINICAL FINDINGS
pain, numbness, rapid heartbeat, chest pain, vomiting or severe nausea, coldness, seizure,altered mental state,swallowing abnormality.
NURSING MANAGEMENT
prevent venous stasis, monitor thrombolytic therapy, manage pain, manage oxygen therapy , relieve anxiety.
TRANSIENT ISCHAEMIC ATTACK
.
ASSESSMENTS AND CLINICAL FINDINGS
one-sided facial dipop,one-sided motor weakness, problem with balance and spatial orientation.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
cardiac condition called atrial fibrillation, where poor coordination of contraction leads to formation of a clot in atrial chamber that can become dislodged and travel to cerebral artery.
DEFINITION
is a brief episode of neurological disfunctio resulting from an interruption in the blood to the brain or eye.