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U.S. History (Expanding Nation (People :silhouettes: (John Quincy Adams …

- - - - Beat Jackson in the 1824 election
    - - Elected in 1828; reformed government to consider the regular men
        
        Jacksonian era
        
        expanded suffrage to more men and influenced the ideology that all men should be able to hold political office
    - - A tribe of Natives who were forced to move to Oklahoma along the trail of tears
    - - Leader of the War hawks and was also known as "The Great Compromiser"
    - - Another political giant that served in congress
    - - Served as vice president and was known as a political giant
    - - Inventor; invented the cotton gin
    - - Led the Women´s rights
    - - Led women's rights movement with Anthony
  - - - John Quincy Adams won by election by congress, after the electoral college tied, and was very disputed because Andrew Jackson won the popular vote which he argued should be the deciding factor in that scenario, called the corrupt bargain
        
        Corrupt Bargain
    - - Worcester argued to the supreme court that Georagia could not pass a law about Cherokee territory without Cherokee approval, Chief justice john Marshall argued that the power to govern the territories of the Indians laid in the national government's hand, therefore the Georgia act was not legal
        
        Georgia
    - - Jackson forced the indians to leave the East and move west, many indians died on their move west.
    - - A war between The U.S. and Mexico because of border disputes in Texas and Texas Annexation
        
        Texas
        
        Mexico
  - - - doubled size of U.S.
    - - Shared between Britain and The U.S. until it was split at the 49th parallel
  - - - Cleaned Cotton much faster and increased the need for slaves
    - - Used for Steam Boats which made trading and transportation much faster
        
        Steam Boat
    - - Made communication over long distances much faster than taking messages on railroads, etc.
    - - Made transportation and communication much faster
    - - Increased the need for labor and made mass production much faster
    - - Made it so that any part the that broke on a handcrafted thing could be replaced with a new part(Ex: if a gun barrel broke instead of replacing the entire gun you just replace the gun barrel)
    - - A railroad that connected the East Coast to the West Coast
        
        Pacific railway Act
        
        Funded and gave land to companies to pay for the transcontinental railroad
  - - - Wanted to make women equal to men
    - - Alcohol is illegal
        
        American Temperance society
    - - Wanted to abolish slavery.
    - - Desired to make Quality of Life in Prisons better.
        
        care for disabled
    - - Strived to improve the education of the population by improving public, free education
  - - - Reworked The election system so that a vice president candidate could not be elected as president, it let The President choose his cabinet
    - - Convinced the North Slavery is worse than they thought
  - - - a sea on the West coast of the U.S.
    - - characterized by the fertile land and strong belief in states rights and a democratic republican(later democrat) point of view
    - - Characterized by the belief in strong national government and a Federalist point of view( later republican)
  - - - An economic system in which private business operates in competition and largely free of state control
    - - Pride to be associated with a nation
- - - - Virginia house of burgesses
        
        First representative government
        
        Town Hall meetings
    - - First religiously founded Colony
      - Pilgrims
      - Mayflower compact :fountain_pen:
        
        established idea of greater good
    - - Puritans
    - - First constitution
  - - - Founded the Colony of Rhode Island
    - - Founded the Colony of Connecticut
    - - Influenced US constitution when making seperation of power
    - - Founded ideology that all people were entitled to Life, Liberty, and Property
    - - Wrote the Commentaries on the Laws of England which influences American law
    - - Founded the Colony of Pennsylvania
  - - - established the widespread use of large farms with a cheap labor force and cash crops
    - - When Britain didn't monitor American trade as they said they would
    - - Said the king was not above the law, all men no matter what their social class
    - - The triangular stop trade between the Europe,U.S, Africa
  - - - The ruler of government
    - - A Legislative body
- - - - Wrote Declaration of Indepence
    - - Told her husband, John Adams, to consider women's rights
    - - Negotiated the Treaty of Paris
    - - An African American who served under Colonel John Langdon
    - - Lead the sons of liberty who conducted the Boston tea party
    - - Convinced many to become patriots in Massachusetts
    - - A black slave who was a talented, patriotic spy
    - - A philosopher who negotiated treaties, was the ambassador to France, and a scientist
    - - Gave supplies to American Army
    - - Former slave who was shot in Boston Massacre
    - - The leader of Britain at the time
    - - Oversaw finances of revolution
    - - Influential writer for the patriotic side
    - - Made France support Patriots
    - - Wrote pieces against Monarchy
    - - Leader of the patriot army
    - - US naval commander
    - - Group that did things to protest British troops
  - - - shot heard around the world
    - - First American victory
    - - American Victory, stayed in control of south
    - - Last battle of the Revolutionary war; American victory
    - - A war caused because of the french joining against the British Colonies with the indians
  - - - said that The British were going to start enforcing their laws
    - - Laws that put a blockade in front of boston harbor and restricted town meetings and other freedoms previously allowed
    - - Required all legal documents and public papers(such as newspapers to have a specially printed stamp from England
    - - Put taxes on sugars such as molasses
    - - Allowed soldiers to be housed in fed in the public's home
    - - Declared the U.S. as free independent country were all men would be treated as equals
    - - Ended the War and acknowledged the Americas a free independent confederacy
    - - Taxed the colonies for the tea
        
        The Boston Tea Party
        
        The Brothers of Liberty dumped almost 1 million dollars worth of tea in the Boston Harbor
  - - - The place were George Washington stayed for Winter
    - - Sent a peace treaty to the King to help negotiate the Intolerable acts
    - - Organized militias and agreed to write declaration of independence and assigned thomas jefferson to write it
- - - - George Washington :silhouette:
        
        First president of the U.S.; established neutrality and urged the nation to not get involved in foreign affairs
        
        George Washington's Cabinet
        
        Thomas Jefferson
        
        Secretary of State, influenced a Democratic Republican opinion; was later the third president of the U.S. and instituted the Louisiana Purchase
        
        Louisiana Purchase
        
        1803
        
        Doubled the size of the U.S. and was instituted by Thomas Jefferson through a treaty/purchase with France
        
        Alexander Hamilton
        
        Influenced a Federalist point of view, instituted the Financial Plan of the United States
      - John Adams :silhouette:
        
        2nd President-First Federalist elected for President;First Vice President; elected Midnight judges
      - James Madison :silhouette:
        
        4th President-Led the Country through the War of 1812: Democratic-Republican
      - James Monroe :silhouette:
        
        5th President-instituted Monroe Doctrine
    - - One of the midnight judges elected by John Adams: served as chief judge for a very long time
    - - A political groups whose values were opposing a Federalist
  - - - After a tax on luxury objects, whiskey farmers rebel and refuse to pay the tax. Washington then marched troops and stops the rebellion.
    - - Marbury, one of the Midnight judges paperwork was not sent to the correct places and was forgotten until after Thomas Jefferson was elected, The papers were discovered by Madison ans when Marbury came to see why he had not been placed on the judges Madison refused to sign the proper paperwork, it was took to the Supreme court and was ultimately ruled unconstitutional because Marbury had taken directly to the supreme court
    - - Maryland started to Tax all national banks, specifically the bank of the United States, to supposedly help boost their state banks profits, The U.S. supreme court confirmed that because of the necessary improper clause the Sate could not tax any appendage of the National Government
    - - Ogden had been holding a state license to navigate the the rivers throughout the states with steam ships and also had a state Monopoly, Gibbons appealed to the supreme court that because he had a federal licence he could also be allowed to navigate the same river, The court ruled that the Federal government once again trumped over the state when it came to trade
    - - A war that broke out between Great Britain and the U.S., there was no clear winner and The War ended with the Treaty of Ghent. The Main Causes were, impressment of sailors, and America trying to pick a side in The War between France and Britain.
  - - - Said that the US would stay in its own hemisphere if Europe stayed in theirs
    - - THe half of the Globe that the US in on
    - - A continent in the Western Hemisphere, south of the US
    - - Ended the War of 1812
  - - - Set up to budget and support government officials and fund the Government it also stored Tax money.
      - National Bank
- - - - people who opposed the Constitution and proposed adding a Bill of Rights
      - Patrick Henry :silhouette:
        
        Gave famous " Give me liberty or give me death" speach; after the war he helped add the Bill of rights
      - George Mason :silhouette:
        
        Led the Anti-Federalist Movement in The Virginia Convention in 1788, although he was originally a supporter of the Constitution he turned ultimately against it
    - - people who supported the Constitution; opposed having a Bill of Rights because they felt it was unnecessary
      - Alexander Hamilton :silhouette:
        
        A very influential writer, Hamilton was one of the main writers of the Federalist papers and was a very strong supporter of the Constitution
      - James Madison :silhouette:
        
        James Madison, very similar to Hamilton, wrote the Federalist Papers and was a strong supporter of the Constitution
  - - - A set of individual rights and Liberties extended to all citizens of America
    - - restricted The King, to prevent extensive tyranny and taxes; King John was forced to sign it by the Nobles; it was the first document to ever extend rights to the people and restrictions to the monarch
    - - extended certain rights to the common citizen and subjected the king to the same laws and restrictions the citzens had to abide by
    - - A list of letters and speeches written by the Federalists
    - - A list of counter arguments and speeches to the Federalist papers written by the Anti- Federalists
    - - Set up the foundations for the U.S. Government, and secured certain rights and privileges to the common people
      - 1787
    - - Freedom of Assembly, expression of ideas, speech, press, and the ability to engage in political activity
      - Freedom of Press
    - - limited search and seizure without probable cause
    - - Rights to a local and speedy trial, along with a lawyer and favorable witnesses, with a clear summary of accusation
    - - A confirmation of the Ninth, saying that any rights that were not secured the government go to the states
    - - Called for 2 legislative bodies; one with equal representation(senate) and one with representation based on population(House of Representatives)
    - - Called for one legislative Body with equal representation
    - - Called for two legislative Bodies with representation based on population in both of them+
    - - said that 3/5ths of all the slaves would be counted towards the population count for representation
    - - The first government of the Americas that loosely bound the States together; had many negatives
  - - - The Place where the Constitution was drafted