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Sociological Perspectives on Digital Communication (MARXIST (Cornford and…

- - - - lack of social control
        
        marxists argue that the internet and DFC is another method of surveillance, observation as a way to control and regulate people, in the interests of the wealthy
        
        little economic incentive to protect vulnerable groups such as children and women online, little to prevent exploitation
        
        critics of capitalism = adults may be spending excessive amounts of time online, to the extent that the balance between sleep and screen time has now tipped
        
        marxists suggest that the internet and DC is a way of entertaining people which presents no real threat to the existing capitalist society
  - - - people movements on internet is being monitored without knowledge or consent
        
        suggest that DC threatens individual liberty and freedom
        
        Cornford and Robins = argue that DC is a way of capitalism controlling people more subtly
        
        formal social control through the law has not yet fully caught up with the changes and is often ill equipped with dealing with such problems
  - - - provided evidence that the US and British Govt had been accessing personal and private communications claiming that it was in the interest of 'national security
        
        intelligence agents dismissed the claims; they said surveillance is essential to meet their overriding aim of protecting the public from terrorist attacks
        
        David Cameron = ''if it doesn't demonstrate some social responsibility it would be very difficult for govt to stand back and not to act''
- - - - challenge the idea that men are the innovators of the internet and DC
  - - - Haraways manifesto, argues that women cannot be essentialised; seen as sharing something essentially similar about what it means to be a women
      - Haraway argues that what is considered to be female is highly politicised and socially constructed
    - - encourage women to create new forms of identity not bound by traditional ideas or dominant patriarchal discourses about gender
      - among first feminists to consider technology to be a way to empower women, offering possibilities beyond those which traditional social life can offer
  - - - women and children already at risk has become increasingly more at risk - bought, sold, consumed
        
        trafficking has become easier from the internet, easier to be organised in an unregulated digital world
        
        Arlaccki (1997) = let United Nations to fight organised crime states that exploitation has been the most undesirable consequences of globalisation - not considered a priority in countries
      - most feminists would argue that the risk is due to men largely controlling government and legal systems (not protecting women)
      - national boundaries have become less significant = illegal movement of people has become easier to coordinate = people trafficking has increased
  - - - research shows that a large proportion of cases are never recognised or reported, and do not appear in any stats or measures of the size of the problem
        
        of 2077 potential victims, 40% were male - can no longer call it a manifestation of violence against women - issue for vulnerable men as well
- - - - fragmentation of identity
        
        choice
  - - - recently, postmodernism has attempted to make sense of how identity is created, negotiated and confirmed, including through technological advances
        
        for example; the way in which people use Facebook reveals how much individuals create their own identity, how they see themselves and how others see them
        
        Collins (2005) = chain of interaction between people must be understood - looking at how people construct their identity on networks using a micro sociological approach - learn how people see the world around them
        
        difference in peoples online and offline lives - Catfish the TV show
  - - - aim example; explore impact of social media on peoples relationships, especially family and gender roles