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INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS OF THE EYE (SYMPTOMS (Swelling of the eyelid, pain…
INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS OF THE EYE
ORBITAL CELLULITIS
is inflammation of eye tissues behind the orbital septum.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Infection anterior to the septum is pre-septal and posterior is post-septal
orbital septum is the only barrier impeding spread of infection from the eyelid into the orbit.
Commonly orbital cellulitis occurs as a result of contiguous spread from surrounding periorbital structures such as the paranasal sinuses
Ethmoidal sinusitis is the most common cause of orbital cellulitis
CAUSES
trauma
external sinus infection
SYMPTOMS
Swelling of the eyelid
pain on eye movement
proptosis
fever
Loss of red colour vision
Decreased visual acuity
CONJUNCTIVITIS
Is the inflammation and infection of the conjunctiva
CAUSES
Bacteria, fungi, viruses or parasites
dermatitis
Irritants such as shampoos, dirt, smoke, and pool chlorine
A reaction to eyedrops
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
The surface tissues of the eye and the ocular adnexa are colonized by normal flora such as streptococci, staphylococci, and corynebacteria
lterations in the host defense, in the bacterial titer, or in the species of bacteria can lead to clinical infection.
lteration in the flora can also result from external contamination
The primary defense against infection is the epithelial layer covering the conjunctiva.
Disruption of this barrier can lead to infection.
Secondary defenses include hematologic immune mechanisms carried by the conjunctival vasculature,
tear film immunoglobulins, and lysozyme and the rinsing action of lacrimation and blinking.
MANAGEMENT
Urgent CT scan is needed to confirm present of pus
antibiotics are needed urgently
surgical drainage of the abscess
NURSING MANAGEMANT
Cleaning the eye discharge
isolate patient with pink eye
use water to wash the substance from the eye for 5 minutes.
take antibiotics in the form of eyedrops, ointments, or pills.
SYMPTOMS
Itching and tearing of the eyes
redness
discharge or crusting around the eyes
Burning eyes.
Swollen conjunctiva