The Protestant Reformation

causes

important people

main ideas

the Counter Reformation - the Catholic Church's response

the legacy of the Reformation

Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation and started Lutheranism in Germany

95 Theses posted by Luther expressed his grievances about the RC Church and its corruption

church corruption - simony: the selling of church positions; clergy often took money and didn't do their jobs; nepotism - giving jobs to family, not to people who were qualified

indulgences - the Church earned alot of money by selling forgiveness that would reduce one's time in purgatory

Henry VIII broke away from the Catholic Church because he wanted a divorce and couldn't get one from the Church; the Church of England (Anglican) became the official church of England

the main reason for protest was to expect the Catholic Church to reform (change)

Council of Trent

The Bible should be every Christian's guide

individual connection with God rather than only through the priest

get rid of indulgences

invention of the printing press allowed more people to read and learn about protestant ideas and also read the Bible for themselves; greater literacy

justification by faith - the only way to salvation is through believing in God, not by doing good works and earning your way into heaven

John Wycliffe

Jon Hus

Ulrich Zwingli

John Calvin

clergy should be educated

doctrine:

the Bible and traditions form doctrine

original sin - mankind also has free will

grace comes from the 7 sacraments

the Mass is the actual body and blood of Christ