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Seed Plants II: Angiosperms (Monocots (Commelinoid Monocots (Poales,…
Seed Plants II: Angiosperms
Changing Concepts About Early Angiosperms
Ranalean Flower
Hypothesis developed by C. E. Bessey approximately 100 years ago
In which a magnolia type flower was thought to be relictual.
Such a flower is generalized
Has all parts
Stamens
Carpels
Sepals
Petals
All arranged spirally
Classification of Flowering Plants
Two distinct lines of evolution
Monocots
Eudicots
Early Angiosperms diverged into several classes now called basal angiosperms
Monocots
Commelinoid Monocots
Poales
Zingiberales
Arecales
Commelinales
All lack ordinary secondary growth and wood
Perianth members are just called tepals
Eudicots
Basal Eudicots
Water lilies
Rosid Clade
Consists of many families
Several small orders and two large groups
Asterid Clade
Contains plants such as
Petunia
Periwinkle
Sunflower
Morning glory
Magnoliaphyta
Often called Angiospermophyta
Single division used to classify the angiosperms
Double Fertilization is universal in flowering plants.
Primitively vesselless lacking vessels because their ancestors lacked them.
Other derived features
Zygomorphy
Flowers that are bilaterally symmetrical, not radially symmetrical
Pistil
Fusion of the carpets into a single structure
Sympetally
Fusion of petals into one structure
Basal Angiosperms
Contain the living descendants of several groups that originated while angiosperms were still a young clade.
Their ancestors became reproductively isolated from the other early flowering plants before distinctive angiosperms traits had originated
