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Single European market (Benefits when set up a new company in EU.…
Single European market
The issue of inflation is usually defined by 2 characteristics:
- Supply of core product/ staple product: Italy, Pasta
- Employment/unemployment -> Government want to reduce possibly eliminate unemployment
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2 main barriers still standing
- Language -> major issue -> Large Geography -> culture.
- Currency -> exchange rate -> partially solved by Eurozone. UK& Denmark never adopt Euro.
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- European integration: Loại bỏ sự cản trở đối vs thương mai và vận chuyển của từng đơn vị riêng lẻ để cuối cùng đk công nhận là 1 đơn vị kinh tế (Johnson and Turner 2000)
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Trade barrier
Monetary polocies
. Harmonised by European Centre Bank.
. Fiscal policy: is still in jurisdiction of local government.
ECB -> Totally independent of any government.
Government Give up control on the Euro -> All control is in the hand of ECB.
Mọi quốc gia đều có trụ sở của ECB vậy nên ECB sẽ ko bh có động thái tích cực hay tiêu cực đến nước đó mà chỉ là điều chỉnh Euro sao cho hài hoà.
Eliminating trade barriers and at the same time putting a common tariff around member states as in the customers union of EU will have 2 effects
Trade creation: The lowering of barriers creats new opportunities for trade, and this trade increases.
Trade diversion: switching from buyng goods from outside the EU to within the EU even though it may be cheaper to trade with country from outside the EU, but desist (stop) from doing so due to the common market tariff imposed on goods from outside EU.
Explicit trade barries
Tariffs, export subsidiaries, import quotas, antidumping duties, countervailing duties (thuế chống bán phá giá)
Implicit trade barriers
Govervment procurement policies, Macro economic policies, competition policies, Govenment actions, Government Financed polices
Single european market
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4 freedoms movement
Goods:
Eliminate all barriers such as customs: This is most liberalised (Tự do hoá). No members state has imposed any long term tariffs, customs duties, quotas or other explicit barriers for any goods from one EU country to another. Hàng hoá phải vượt qua đk kì kiểm tra CE.
All the product in the EU must achieve the CEI marks, which is established according to specific rules and regulations and delegated to national authorities in each member state.
Labelling is another implicit barriers, with some government still imposing certain regulations which may be deemed as a barrier. Ex: Buying medicines from certain countries a local doctor's written recommendation and one from the patient's country won't do.
Services:
The freedom of provision of services is fraught with implicit barriers, namely due to the imposition of warrants and constrain on the mutual recognition of qualifications achieved by nationals of other nationalities.
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The bloc is made up of multitude of nationalities with their own language and dialects and this natural barriers keeps the steady of goods and services from being effective.
Capital: Tariffs, Quotas. Not VAT.
The freedom of movement of capital enables capitals to move freely within the EU other than tax-related restrictions. The single curency Euro) makes it easier to move capital around.
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People: Not authorised.
Mostly for work purpose, is very important concept for EU, but one which raises nationalistic passions and issues which are treating to break the union.
The freedom movement of people is by far the most disputed (tranh chấp) of the 4 freedoms, fears of increasing unemployment, downward pressure on wages and so-called welfare tourism, especially following the enlargement of 2004 and 2007, were heard in many of the old member states, public sector jobs can be restricted to nations.
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