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Psychological disorder (Schizophrenia 精神分裂症 (Negative symptoms (Lack of…
Psychological disorder
Anxiety
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
excessive, exaggerated (夸张的) anxiety and worry about everyday life events with no obvious reasons for worry.
occurring more days, for at least six months.
Physical symptoms: fast or pounding heartbeats, headaches, stomach pains, tremors, muscle tension, inability to relax, dizziness, sweating and dry mouth.
Psychological symptoms: excessive worry, irritability, restlessness, difficulty concentrating, mind going blank and sleep disturbances
Most often begins in childhood or adolescence, but can begin in adulthood.
Women > men
Cause:
1 Genetics
Brain chemistry
Long-term use of benzodiazepines
Treatment:
Medication
Short-term use of benzodiazepines
Long-term treatment Antidepressants
Cognitive behaviral therapy
learn to recognize and change thought
patterns and behaviors that lead to anxious feelings.
Panic disorder (恐慌症)
Fear processing in brain
Thalamus: receives sensory inputs and passes information to amygdala (杏仁核)
Amygdala: recognizes sensory inputs is threat; prepares body to response
Sensory cortex: analyzes information from thalamus and gives context to understand what you are seeing. Sends signals to amygdala
If left untreated, panic disorder can lead to agoraphobia, an intense fear of being outside (恐廣症) or in enclosed spaces.
Social anxiety disorder / social phobia (社交恐惧症)
Schizophrenia 精神分裂症
“fractured mind” (changes in mental functions where thoughts and
perception become distorted)
Positive symptoms
Delusion
Hallucinations
Negative symptoms
Lack of motivation
Blunted emotions
Social withdrawal
Thinking difficulties
Cause
Family history; usually polygenic.
exposure to viruses
malnutrition before birth
problems during birth
Psychosocial problems
Treatments
Antipsychotic medications
Psychosocial treatments
Bipolar disorder
extreme mood swings
Mania
Depressive moods
Male and female are equally affected
Commonly first diagnosed when people in their 20.
Symptoms
Symptoms of depression
sad
loss of enjoyment
lack of energy
Symptoms of mania
Over-activity
Elevated mood
Irritability
Lack of inhibitions
Lack of insight
Grandiose delusions (inflated self-esteem)
Depression
Symptoms
Cause
Treatment
Medication
antidepressants
Talk therapy
Insomnia
management
Chinese food treatment
Accpuncture
神門
內關
太沖
行間