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ARCHAIC RITUAL (scholarship & criticism (criticism (no one sequence…

- - - - frazer - evidence of preoccupation - fertility
      - witness to archaic modes of thought
      - otherwise difficult to construct
    - - all old religions
      - well-being of society & nature connected
      - incarnation of a god
        
        correlates to power of the sun
  - - - ignores individual cultural productions
  - - - others collected
      - already published data
        
        did no fieldwork himself
      - only basic features
        
        what fit into his own framework
        
        'extract symbolic meaning'
        
        no contextualisation
  - - - origin rather than end
      - argued against
        
        c.f. trad narrative
    - - primitive agents of magic
      - st george - dying & reviving god
        
        but not consistent?
      - not a play, but 'dramatic ceremony'
    - - play is action, rooted in religious beliefs
      - ceremony vs play
        
        understanding of drama not equal to perfomance
        
        untrained performers, no suspense, etc.
- - - - darwin - biological evolution
        
        comparable trend in culture
        
        primitive to modern
        
        simple to complex
      - cultures studied as single history
        
        past needed to explain the present
        
        prototypes
        
        fossilised remains
        
        previous stages of development
        
        modern west latest in line of progress
  - - - 'survivals' - tylor
      - evolutionary view endorsed by colleagues
      - darwin
    - - study of comparative religion
      - psychological evolution
        
        magic, religion, science
    - - hardison - ideal subject
      - relative isolation, development continuous
- - - - later times more but not enough
    - - not scientific fieldwork
    - - did nothing to substantiate
- - - - evolving to dramatic features of performance