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Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Complications (Diabetes (Complication…

- - - - Maintaining stable inner environment requires
        
        Detection of change by sensor
        
        Processing in control center
        
        Reaction by effctor
      - Homeostasis is dynamic, never ends
    - - A system of ductless glands
        
        Exocrine
        
        Through ducts to exterior of body
        
        Endocrine
        
        Ductless, directly into blood vessel
    - - lack of hormone insulin
      - Diagnostic critiria
        
        random plasma glucose 11.1 mmol/L
        
        Fasting plasma glucose > 7.0 mmo/L
        
        Plasma glucose > 11.1 mmol/L
        
        HbA1c > 6.5%
        
        Fasting glucose from 6.1 to 7.0 mmol/L
        
        Blood glucose from 7.8 to <11.1 mmol/L OGTT
        
        Normal:
        Fasting glucose < 6.1 mmol/L
        Blood glucose < 7.8 mmol/L OGTT
      - Types
        
        Type 1
        
        Type 2
        
        Gestational diabetes
        
        Impaired Glucose Tolerance
      - Treatmentm of type 1 diabetes
        
        Insulin injection
      - Chinese Medicine