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Seed Plant II: Angiosperms (Concepts (Angiosperms (common to refer to…

- - - - also called Angiospermophyta
      - single division classified
  - - - synapomorphy that separates from other clades
    - - as most advanced group of plants
      - or most derived
      - peak of plant evolution
- - - - two widely referenced books
        
        Phylogenetic Approach
        
        Plant Systematics
      - Flowering plants began to follow 2 lines of evolution
        
        all angiosperms classified as
        
        either monocot or eudicot
        
        monocots - 1 cotyledon on their embryo
        
        vascular bundles - stems
        
        leaves - parallel veins
        
        eudicot
        
        more diverse
        
        2 cotyledon on the embryo
        
        reticulated venation in leaves
        
        flower parts - in sets of 5
        
        vascular bundles - only 1 ring in stem
        
        woody, herbaceous, succulent
    - - divided into basal angiosperms clades first
- - - - didn't evolve more then once
  - - - represent monocot and dicot leaves #
  - - - all existing flower types
        
        come from generalized ancestor
    - - thought to relictual
    - - contains all parts
        
        sepals, petals, stamens, carpals
      - arranged spirally
- - - - 3 groups - Amborellaceae, Nymphaeaceae, + Austrobaileyales
        
        Nymphaeaceae
        
        water lilies
        
        Austrobaileyales
        
        woody trees w/ bisexual flowers
        
        with stamens and carpels
- - - - tricolpate
      - whorls
      - stamens - wall defined filament/stalk and anther