Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
nonrenewable energy -- fossil fuels & nuclear sources (energy &…
nonrenewable energy -- fossil fuels & nuclear sources
energy & energy usage
commercial energy
comes from
nonrenewable energy
resources
and
renewable energy resources
fossil fuels
net energy
energy density
oil
transportation, heat, grow food, plastics, cosmetics, asphalt
crude oil/petroleum/conventional oil
- combustible hydrocarbons, sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen
refining the oil
refining decreases the net energy of oil
petrochemicals
proven oil reserves
oil was high net energy, not anymore, only in some places like Saudi Arabia
net energy for extracting oil has dropped
more money and more energy
deep ocean seabed deposits
remote areas
unconventional heavy oil
heavy crude oil
shale oil
oil sands / tar sands
disadvantages of heavy oil
costly to produce
low net energy
more environmentally damaging than production of light crude oil
air pollutants (sulfur dioxide and particulates)
20% more co2 tan conventional crude oil
strip mining
waste water from fracking
hydrofracking
oil and natural gas integrated
within
bodies of shale rock
horizontal drilling
hydraulic fracturing (hydro fracking )
hydraulic fracturing
high pressure pumps
create cracks
slurry flows to the surface
problems with hydro fracking for shale oil (heavy oil)
huge energy input
uses large amounts of water
wastewater (slurry)
what''s wrong w/ slurry
it goes to:
underground wells
sewage treatment plants
open air holding ponds
or it is cleaned up and reused
what''s wrong w/ slurry
can cause small earthquakes
earthquakes could release hazardous oil and wastewater into aquifers
natural gas