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BRAIN ABSCESS (PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (Enters the bloodstream, Crosses the blood…
BRAIN ABSCESS
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
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- Crosses the blood-brain barrier
- Infection by virus/ bacteria
- Increases intra-cranial pressure
- Due to etiological factors
- Creates inflammation on meninges
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
- Watch out for vomiting, abnormal pupil response and depressed respirations.
- Assess the family’s ability to express their distress and cope with the patient’s illness, obtain support.
- Assess neurologic status,(loss of consciousness, speech, sensorimotor and cranial nerve functions)
- Patient teaching activities that address neurosurgical procedures.
- Always provide safety measures.
- Intervention has to support medical management
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
- Medications used include corticosteroids to reduce the inflammatory cerebral edema.
- Treatment modalities include antimicrobial therapy, surgical incision, or aspiration
- Antiseizure medications for prophylaxis against seizures (phenytoin, phenobarbital) are also used.
- The goal is to eliminate the abscess.
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- Abscess resolution is monitored with CT scans
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
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- Altered level of consciousness / confusion
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
- CAT scan may pinpoint the position of the abscess
- Diagnosis is made on clinical manifestations
- Blood cultures, chest X-ray, electroencephalogram (EEG)
DEFINITION
- localised collection of pus within the brain tissue .
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