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disorders of the eye (Diagnostic procedure: (Indirect ophthalmoscopy:…
disorders of the eye
Diagnostic procedure:
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Direct Ophthalmoscopy: examine the cornea, lens and retina in a dark room to detect vascular in patients with diabetes and hypertension
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Slitlamp exam: binocular microscope for a detailed exam of the anterior segment of the eye from the cornea to the anterior chamber to detect inflammation or cataract
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Fluorescein angiography: Dye is introduced to stain the cornea and highlights irregularities of the epithelial surface.
Also used to diagnose and evaluate retinal and choroidal vasculature in conditions such as diabetes retinopathy and hypertension
Biometry test: used to measure the axial length of the eye and to determine the dioptic power for intraocular lens implantation.
Ultrasonography: assess and diagnose intraocular structures e.g. orbital tumours, retinal detachment and changes in the tissue
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Risk factors
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Poor hygiene: predispose individuals to infections, e.g. sharing towels and wash clothes
Trauma e.eg. sports injuries, motor vehicle accidents or fights
Poor nutrition: lack of vitamin A and proteins is associated with poor vision due to disintegration of connective tissue and result in scarring of the cornea
Genetics: e.g. colour blindness, glaucoma and albinism
Classification:
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Miscellaneous- Strabismus, glaucoma, systemic manifestation
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retinopathies, retractive errors, HIV/AIDS
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Nursing care plan:
poor or no vision
nursing diagnosis: loss of vision due to disease process due to cataract, refractive errors ,surgery or trauma
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Pain
nursing diagnosis:
altered comfort due to surgery,trauma, and disease process
poor colour of sclera (red eyes) irritation, itching, discharge and verbal report of pain
Nursing intervention
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Avoid sneezing, coughing, heavy lifting and straining when passing stool
Avoid stooping, use slip-on shoes to avoid bending
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