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DISORDERS OF THE NOSE (Sinusitis (Nursing Management (nursing intervention…
DISORDERS OF THE NOSE
Sinusitis
Sinusitis is inflammation of the sinuses, which are air-filled cavities in the skull.
Pathophisiology
The most common cause of acute sinusitis is an upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) of viral origin. The viral infection can lead to inflammation of the sinuses that usually resolves without treatment in less than 14 days. If symptoms worsen after 3 to 5 days or persist for longer than 10 days and are more severe than normally experienced with a viral infection, a secondary bacterial infection is diagnosed. The inflammation can predispose to the development of acute sinusitis by causing sinus ostial blockage. Although inflammation in any of the sinuses can lead to blockade of the sinus ostia, the most commonly involved sinuses in both acute and chronic sinusitis are the maxillary and the anterior ethmoid sinuses. The anterior ethmoid, frontal, and maxillary sinuses drain into the middle meatus, creating an anatomic area known as the ostiomeatal complex
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Nursing Management
nursing intervention is directed mainly towards faciliating nasal drainage and teaching the patient preventative measures
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decogestants in the form of nasal spray, drops and antihistaminics can be prescribed to reduce nasal oedema
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deviated septum
Deviated nasal septum is a common disorder of the nose. The septum is the bone and cartilage that separates the right and left sides of the nasal cavity. Displacement or deviation of the septum is most commonly caused by trauma, i.e. direct impact to the face. It may also be congenital or related to systemic cartilage disorders.
Clinical manefestation
the septum in the nasal cavity leans to the left or right. This can cause poor drainage of the sinuses.
difficulty breathing through one or both nostrils,
, nasal congestion, headaches, bloody noses, snoring, or sleep apnea
Management
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Use a warm compress — The warmth from a hot compress may help relieve the pain and inflammation in your nasal passages.
Causes
It is most frequently caused by impact trauma, such as by a blow to the face
It can also be a congenital disorder, caused by compression of the nose during childbirth
Deviated septum is associated with genetic connective tissue disorders such as Marfan syndrome, Homocystinuria and Ehlers–Danlos syndrome.