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WATER'S DISTRIBUTION (Water in seas and oceans (-Oceans are large…
WATER'S DISTRIBUTION
Water in seas and oceans
-Oceans are large bodies of water that surround continents.
-Seas are smaller. They are partly surrounded by land and form parts of oceans.
COMPOSITION
Sea water is a mixture of mineral salts .
The salt in seawater affects density: water with a higher salt content has a greater density .
Seawater temperature depends on depth: temperatures are lower in deeper bodies of water and warmer in shallower areas
MOVEMENT
Waves occur on the surface of the water. They are mainly caused by the wind and can vary in strength.
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Tide is a regular movement in which the sea level rises and falls. This is caused by the gravitational force of the Sun and the Moon
Ocean currents are horizontal movements of water within seas and oceans. Currents have distinct densities and temperatures. They are important because they redistribute heat and salt to different areas of the Earth.
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INLAND WATER
Inland water includes surface water and groundwater, as well as glaciers.
SURFACE WATER
Surface water can be found on Earth in a variety of forms
A lagoon is a shallow lake that forms on coastlines. Lagoons have at least one inlet from the sea.
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A lake is a body of fresh, brackish or salt water. The water in lakes comes from rivers, groundwater or from melted glaciers. Lakes are entirely surrounded by land and are different sizes.
In rivers that flow into calm sea, a delta can form. There is no sea current to remove river sediment, so it is able to build up in a triangular shape at the river mouth.
A river is a flowing body of fresh water. Rivers flow into the sea, or into other lakes or rivers and form V-shaped valleys. Rivers are a vital source of water for human beings. They are also used for traditional inland transportation on boats
In rivers that flow into the sea, a wide estuary of brackish water can form from sea currents that transport river sediment. Estuaries and nearby coastal areas are often heavily populated by humans
A marsh is a type of wetland found at the edge of other bodies of water, such as rivers, lakes and the sea. They can be formed of fresh, salt or brackish water and often flood.
Water accumulates from rain and groundwater in low-lying areas to form wetlands. Wetlands are often seasonal: a shallow layer of water covers the ground for only part of the year.
GROUNDWATER
Groundwater is water that is stored underground, beneath the surface of the Earth
GLACIERS
Glaciers are large masses of slow-moving ice.
Glaciers can only exist in areas of the Earth where the temperature is always, or nearly always, below 0°C
Glaciers move downhill very slowly. This is because of their immense weight and the gravity of the Earth. Their movement erodes the original landscape and forms U-shaped valleys..
As they move, glaciers transport moraines. This rocky debris can be seen in sheets and piles where the glacier has passed or on the surface of the ice.