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Early Challenges to Weimar Republic from Extreme Left + Right (Kapp Putsch…
Early Challenges to Weimar Republic from Extreme Left + Right
1919 - Social Democrats (SPD) worked with other moderate/centre parties eg Democrats (DDP) and Centre Party to create Weimar Republic. Although, extreme parties didn't support Weimar Republic
Challenges in Reichstag
Extreme Left Wing Parties
Communist Party
Wanted Germany to be controlled by people
Political Murders
1919-1922 - 376 political murders
Most involved right wing and focused on murdering left wing and centre politicians
Hugo Haasse - 1 of Ebert's council of Peoples Representatives who helped create constitution of Weimar Republic
Matthias Erzberger - Signed Armistice + was a Nov Criminal
Walter Rathenau - Weimar Republic's Foreign Minister
Spartacist Revolt (left wing)
Jan 1919 - Spartacists took over government's newspaper + telegraph bureau
Tried to organise general strike in Berlin
Weimar government sent Freikorps to stop revolt
By 13th Jan - rebels had been driven off from streets
16th Jan - Luxemburg + Liebknecht had been arrested + killed
Ebert sacked police chief in Berlin, unpopular with workers. Thousands of workers took to streets to protest
Kapp Putsch (right wing)
March 1920 - Freikorps marched to Berlin fearing unemployment
Ebert asked head of army to resist Friekorps but refused
Wolfgang Kapp (nationalist politician) was put in charge by rebels
Weimar government fled Berlin seeking safety someone
To put down rebels/ Kapp Putsch - government organised trade unions to go on strike
National strike meant that Kapp could no longer rule Germany + was forced to flee
Weimar ministers returned
Spartacists
Left wing
Came from Independent Socialist Party
Had soviet backing
Led by: Rosa Luxemburg + Karl Liebknecht
Based in Berlin
Freikorps
Right wing
Made up of ex soldiers who kept their weapons
March 1919 - 250,000 men
Organised by regular army