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Degenerative ocular conditions (ocular herpes simplex. (Causes. (fever.,…
Degenerative ocular conditions
ocular herpes simplex.
Causes.
fever.
Major surgery
Dental procedures.
trauma or severe injury.
stress.
sun burn.
clinical manifestations.
foreign body sensation.
headache.
light sensitivity.
Watery eye discharge.
recurrent eye infection.
Eye sores.
management.
Medical.
Topical ointments steriods can be prescribes to minimise scarring.
Antibiotic ointments can be given to reduce the infection.
oral antiviral pills.
Anti viral drops
Debridement of the infected epithelium.
Debridement is done after instillation of topical anaesthetic cocaine.
Diagnostic test.
Physical examination of the eye.
Fluorescein eye stain test.
Definition.
Is a infection of the eye caused herpes virus infection.
Pathophysiology
Primary HSV-1 infection occurs mostly in the macocutaneuos distribution of the trigeminal nerve.
The virus spreads from the infected epithelial cells to nearly sensory nerve endings.
Is transported along the nerve axon to the cell body.
Pinguecula.
Definition
Is a benign, or noncancerous, growth that develops on your eye.
is a wedge-shaped growth of abnormal conjunctival tissue that forms on the eye
Pathophysiology
abnormal growths that form on the surface of the eye
occurs only on the conjunctiva
will not grow across the cornea.
Clinical manifestations.
Something in your eye, such as sand or other rough particles.
The affected eye might also itch or become red and inflamed
This can cause dry eye symptoms, such as a burning sensation, stinging.
The appearance of extra blood vessels in the conjunctiva that covers the sclera, causing red eyes.
Foreign body sensation.
Blurred vision.
Itching
Diagnostic test.
yellowish in color and typically has a triangular shape
The transparent layer that lies over your pupil and iris
Causes
Frequent exposure to sunlight.
Dust
wind
Management.
surgical.
Pterygium.
medical.
management with eye drops
nursing
pre and post operative management.
nurse the patient in a comforatable position
Helth educate the patient to avoid eye iritants.
educate the patient not to expose the eye on light.
Entropion
Definition.
Is the medical condition in which the eye lid usually the lower lid folds inward.
Management.
Always wipe from the outer eye up to the nose, using an "up and in" motion.
This involves steroid injections if there is tissues scarring.
scar tissue massaging.
Surgical
The surgeon usually removes part of the lower eyelid
A skin graft (skin transplant) can be applied due to tissue scarring..
Eyelid Tightening: This procedure shortens the eyelid (called a lateral tarsal strip) to tighten the eye lid.
.
Retractor reinsertion: This procedure is used to tighten the lid retractor (muscle that opens and closes the lid).
Need to wear a temporary eye patch after surgery.
Tape can also be used to reposition the eyelid temporarily.
Clinical manifestations.
eye dryness.
excessive tearing.
Eye irritation.
burning
redness
chronic conjunctivitis (inflammation also known as “pink eye”)
causes.
stroke
skin cancer
injury
scar tissue from injuries or burns
growths on the eyelid (either cancerous or benign)
Complications.
corneal abrasions (scratches on the cornea or surface of the eye)
corneal ulcers (sores on the cornea or surface of the eye)
impaired vision
permanent blindness
pathophysiology.
upward migration of preseptal orbicularis over the anterior lamellae.
laxity or dehiscene of eyelid retractors.
Horizontal lid laxity.
Glaucoma
Definition.
a group of eye diseases that lead to damage of the optic nerve
is an eye disease that is often associated with elevated intraocular pressure.s
causes.
Elevated pressure in the eye
The front of the eye is filled with a clear fluid called the aqueous humor
Family history of glaucoma
Decrease in corneal thickness and rigidity
Clinical manifestations.
Intense Pain
severe vision loss
blindness
Visual field loss
Management.
use of eyedrop medications
pills (rarely)
laser
incisional surgery.
Incision of the tissue.
Nursing
Give analgesia as prescribed.
health educate the patient about proper technique of wiping the eyes.
Pathophysiology
. Either set of conditions can cause permanent damage to vision in the affected eye and lead to blindness if left untreated
a group of eye diseases that lead to damage of the optic nerve.
Once optic nerve damage and vision loss occur, it is permanent.
, it can lead to severe vision loss, if left undetected.
These diseases are usually classified into two groups
open-angle or chronic glaucoma, and closed-angle or acute glaucoma
Diagnostic test.
Tonometry
Pachymetry
Ophthalmoscopy
Visual field testing