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Benign gynaecoid diseases (Leimyomas (Risk factores (Onset of menstruation…
Benign gynaecoid diseases
Leimyomas
Defination
Is a benign smooth muscle tumour that very rarely becomes cancer .
Causes
Extracellular matrix
Genitic changes
Hormones
Other growth factores
Symptoms
Frequent urination
Pelvic pressure pain
Heavy menstrual bleeding
Menstrual period lasting more than a week
Risk factores
Onset of menstruation at an early age
Race
Heridity
Vitamin D deficiency
Obesity
Treatment
Surgical
hysterectomy
myomectomy.
myolysis.
Endometrial ablation.
Medical
oestrogen receptor modulators.
Anti progestins.
Aromatase inhibitors.
Danazol.
Gestrinone.
Pathophysiology.
Increase in size of the endometrial surface area
Increase vascularity and vascular flow to the uterus
Inteference with normal uterine contratility
Endometrial ulceration over submucous leiomyoma
Compression of the venious plexus within the myometrium
Diagnostic test
pelvic examination
Ultrasound
Magnetic resonance imaging.
hysteroscope.
Saline sonohysterography.
Endomentriosis
Defination
Is a condition in which cells similar to those in the endometrium, the layer of tissue that normally covers the inside of the uterus.
Causes
Unkwon
Symptoms
Body pain.
Dysmenorrhea – painful, sometimes disabling cramps during the menstrual period.
Dyspareunia – painful sexual intercourse
chronic pelvic pain – typically accompanied by lower back pain or abdominal pain
Dysuria – urinary urgency, frequency, and sometimes painful voiding
Diagnostic test.
Laparoscopy
Ultrasound
Magnetic resonance imaging
Treatment
surgical
Laparoscopy
hysterectomy
Medication
Birth control pills
Danazol (Danocrine
Opiods morphine
NAISADS
Pentoxiphillin
pathophysilogy
Under the influences of hormobes
Endometrial tissue that is located outside
The uterus , thickens , breaks down and bleeds
The blood can not exit the body.
The blood becomes trapped anf forms cyst and irritate the surrounding tissue.
Ovarian tumours
Defination
is a cancer that forms in or on an ovary
Causes
Benign inflammatory disease
Symptoms
Vague.
Boating.
Pelvic pain.
swelling.
Risk factores
obesity
Never having children.
Fertility.
medication.
Hormone therapy after menopause.
Diagnostic tests
Tissue biopsy.
Management
Surgical.
chemotherapy.
Alkylating antineoplastic agent.
Antimetabolite.
Topoisomerase inhibitors .
cytotoxic antibiotics .
Radiation therapy.
Ironising therapy.
Pathophysilogy
The ovarian surface it is exposed to the peritoneal vcavity
then cancer cells proliferate inward
When thine cyst walls rypture
Cancer cells spreads into peritoneal cavity
cancer cells may grow outward in papillary form
Vagina fistula
Defination.
is an abnormal opening that connects your vagina to another organ.
Symptoms.
fluid leaking from the vigina.
Foul smelling discharge.
Sores in the genital area.
Causes
Histerectomy.
Colon cancer.
Radiation treatment
Diverticulitis.
Traumatic injury.
Diagnostic studies
urinalysis
blood test
X ray
Endoscope
MRI
Dye test
Treatment
Surgical
Fistulectomy
Laperoscopy
Medical
Antibiotics
infliximab
Risk factores
the lack of prenatal care
young age at delivery
long duration of labour
lack of family planning
Pathophysiology
Over vigorous blunt dissection of the uterus.
Result in tear in post bladder wall or devascularisation.
Vaginal cuff suture incorporated into bladder.
Tissue ischemia, necrosis.
Resulting in fistula