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Digestive system Diseases (Colonic Polyps (there are 2 types (non…
Digestive system Diseases
Gastric Ulcers
Same as chronic gastritis, but more severe with open sores in lining of stomach
Chronic Gastritis :
Symptoms
Abdominal pain,bloating,nausea,vomiting
Diagnosis
Noninvasive
Serum and urine antibody testing, urea breath test, stool antigen
Invasive
Rapid urease test, histology, culture
Xrays
Barium swallow
Treatment
Depends on cause
Stop causative agent (Food, alcohol)
Antibiotics (Amoxicillin, tetracycline)
Proton-pump inhibitor (Lansoprazole)
Acid production reducer (H-2 blockers)
Antiacids
Causes
H. Pylori, autoimmune, chemical, foods
Non atrophic gastritis (Bacteria)
Atrophic gastritis (Autoimmune)
Chemical (NSAIDs)
Lymphocytic (gluten, drugs)
Colonic Polyps
A small clump of cells that forms on the lining of the colon
can develop into colon cancer
there are 2 types
non-neoplastic generally non cancerous
neoplastic which have a greater risk for cancer.
risk factors
50 years or older, inflammatory intestinal conditions such as Crohn's disease, family history, alcohol and tobacco use, obesity and lack of exercise, race (African Americans have higher risk), as well as type II diabetes that isn't well controlled.
Symptoms:
often there are none however some people may experience rectal bleeding, change in stool color, change in bowel movements, pain, and iron deficiency anemia.
Treatment-
removal
Crohn's disease
Affects: Illium - last part pf sm. intestine & Colon
Recurring ulcers can be a sign of having this disease
Ulcerative colitis
Chronic inflammation and ulceration of digestive tract
Affects intermost lining of colon and rectum
Types of ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative proctitis
Proctosigmoiditis
Left sided colitis
Pancolitis
Acute severe ulcerative colitis
Ischemic colitis
Inflammation and injury to the colon result from inadequate blood supply
Most common in elderly
Symptoms
Pain
Tenderness in belly
Bright red blood in stool
Diarrhea
Nausea
Feeling of urgency to remove bowels
Risk factors
Clotting abnormalities
High cholesterol
Reduced blood flow
Surgery
Treatment
Antibiotics
Surgery
Pseudomembranous colitis
Swelling or inflammation of the colon due to overgrowth of C. difficile
Common cause of diarrhea after antibiotic use
Risk factors
Older age, antibiotic use, weakened immune systems, recent surgery, Crohn’s disease
Symptoms
Abdominal cramps, fever, bloody stools, watery diarrhea
Treatment
Other medications such as metronidazole, vancomycin, or fidaxomicin may be used
prognosis
good in most people. ⅕ cases it will return and need further treatment
Dental Considerations
Careful when prescribing antibiotics/premedications