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CHAPTER 1
HUMAN, THE UNIVERSE AND THE NEED FOR RELIGION. (The creation of…
CHAPTER 1
HUMAN, THE UNIVERSE AND THE NEED FOR RELIGION.
Why religion needed for mankind
- Man is a social animal
- depends upon million of people for his life and its necessities.
- society needs some laws to prevent injustice and preserve the rights.
- No group of people disengage itself from self-interest.
- No man or group of men is in a position to make a comprehensive law based on perfect equity and justice.
- only Allah, hence we need the religion.
- All the man-made laws and customs have a very serious defect, they cannot stop crime.
- To realize fully the unquestionable benefits which the society derives fron the belief in God and religion, try to think about the chaos and turmoil which the mankind will certainly plunge into if the belief in God is put aside.
We require religion for the following reasons
- Sanction for the Principke of Morality.
- Power to Endure Adversities of Life.
- Encounter with Ideological Vacuum.
- An Aid to the Progress of Science and Knowledge.
- Fight against Discrimination.
- Roots of Religions sense.
The creation of man generally
- Process of human's creation has gone through 7 stages as mentioned in Surah Al-Mu'min (23:12-14).
First stage - Clay
- Allah created Prophet Adam from clay.
- Allah created Hawa from rib of Adam.
Second stage - Sperm
- This stages refers to the fertilization process where a sperm combine with an ovum to develop into cells.
Third stage - Congealed blood
- 2nd until 4th week.
- After the implantation occur, the cell will then form an embryo which is known as alaqah.
- Suspended thing
- the embryo that is suspended on the mother's womb.
- After the implantation process, the embryo is suspended on the uterus.
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Sixth stage - Covering the bone with flesh
- The bones develop inside embryo.
- Then, it covered with muscle.
Seventh stage - Breathing the spirit
- Last stage where Allah breathed in the spirit.
- Allah created humans with feelings, sense, inspiration then developed as a human and a vicegerent on the earth.
Ad-Deen al-Islami
- Arabic word 'Islam' simply means 'submission' and derived from the word meaning 'peace'.
- the way of life.
Aqidah
Literally - derived from the triconsonantal root. ('aqada), which means "to tie", "knot".
- Aqeeda means belief, the belief thay strongly tied in the heart.
- things that must be believed by heart, things that bringing peace of soul, a belief that is not mixed with the slightest hesitation.
Source of Aqidah - Al-Quran and Sunnah
The classification of human beings and its relation with their Aqidah
- Doubt (shak) - their believe to something is equally strong between accepting and rejecting it.
- Conjecture (Zan) - they have so much stronger arguments than the other.
- Ghalabathu zan - They tend to reinforce something than other because they know the argument of truth.
Shariah
- the clear, well-trodden path to water.
- the shariah regulates all human actions and puts them into five categories, whiach are obligatory, recommended, permitted, disliked or forbidden.
- covers all aspects of human life. It is can be divided into four parts which are laws relating to personal acts of worship, laws relating to commercial dealings, laws relating to marriage and divorce and penal laws.
- Shariah is all-embracing and encompasses personal as well as collective sphere in daily living.
- shariah includes the entire sweep of life.
- the objective of shariah to protect and promote basic human rights, including religion, life, intellect, family and property.
Akhlak
- practice of virtue, morality and good manners in Islamic Theology and Philosophy (Falsafah)
- Akhlaq is the plural for the word Khulq which means disposition. "Disposition" is that faculty (Malakah) of the soul (Nafs)
Iman
- Divisions and rulings is very important because the enjoyment in this world and the hereafter lies solely on the attainmeny of Iman, which leads to peace of mind, happiness and securing a place in the heaven.
- Arabic word "A-mi-na", Amn means safety.
- mentioned several places in the Qur'an and Iman was mentioned only thirteen times.
- Mostly these verses are tell us about the attributes of believers (Mu'min) or the attributes that do not belong to the believers.
- Iman consists of its literal meaning which connotes agreeing, belief, approval and certifying.
- Iman consists of righteous acts as it can be seen from the first verses of Surah Mu'minun and others.
-Iman also consists of one's abstinence from sins and prohibited acts.
- that Iman consists of six pillars and more sixty branches.
Five pillars of Islam
- Testimony of kalima shahadah.
- Prayer (Salat).
- Fasting (Sawn).
- Charity (Zakat).
- Pilgrimage (Hajj).
Ihsan
- Arabic means best conduct, performance of good deeds, righteousness, excellence.
- Basically, it pertains to the quality of our attesting to the oneness of Allah.
The connection of Iman, Islam and Ihsan
- if Iman serves to strengthen our conviction, Islam guides our practices in life, then Ihsan completes or perfects our attestation to the oneness of Allah
Terminologies of Islamic Theology
- Iman
- Tawhid
- Usuluddin
- Kalam
- Al-fiqh Al-akbar
Characteristics of Islamic Aqidah
- Clear and easy to understand
- Fitrah
- Fixed
- Truth and authenticity
- Middle
The importance of Islamic Aqidah in Economics and Finance
- Developing admirable character in carrying out responsibility
- Recognizing the concept of sin and reward in economic activities
- Avoiding from illegal economic and financial activities illegal which is forbidden by Allah.
- Becoming a catalyst in career.