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Inheritance and Gene Expression (DNA Replication (Eukaryote (LEADING…
Inheritance and Gene Expression
Translation
Initiation
: ribosomes get with mRNA and 1st tRNA so transltion can begin
Elongation
: amino acids brought to ribosomes by tRNAs & linked together to form a chain
Termination
: last stage/ finished polypeptide released
Transcription
Initiation
: RNA polymerase binds to DNA of gene at region called promoter
Elongation
: RNA gets longe/addition of new nucleotides
Termination
: happens once polymerase transcribes a sequence of DNA
DNA structure
Double-helix/ 2 strands
sugar-phosphate backbone
NItrogenous bases
Cytosine
Thymine
Guanine
Uracil
only for RNA
Adenine
DNA Replication
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
LEADING strand
Topoisomerase unwinds DNA
Helicase breaks bonds between connected Nitrogenous bases
RNA primase makes RNA primer
RNA primer binds to strand to initiate DNA synthesis
works in 5' to 3' direction
LAGGING strand
works in 3' to 5' direction