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Chapter 51-53 (Chapter 52: Ecology (Abiotic vs. Biotic (ecotone -…
Chapter 51-53
Chapter 52: Ecology
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Tilt of the Earth
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Affects regions - if you're tilted towards sun (summer in northern hemisphere), southern hemisphere is tilted away from sun
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Latitude vs. Longitude
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latitudes does air tend to rise? - at 0 degrees (equator - hot, rainy, 3tropics), warm air rises & about 60 degrees
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Wind
2 Major Forces: diff in air going up and down (latitude), spin of the earth
What direction does wind flow? - areas of high pressure to low pressure (opposite of rotation of the earth)
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Westerlies - blow east, come form west
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Carbon Cycle
Carbon Cycle: CO2 into living tissue by photosynthesis and its return to the atmosphere through respiration
increases atmospheric CO2? - cellular respiration, decomposition, & burning fossil fuels
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Abiotic vs. Biotic
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biome differ with height from the ground? - your particular environ may differ whether you're talking about in the trees or on the ground.
abiotic factors - nonliving things, weather, temperature, pH of water, mineral content
reasons why biomes change? - water availability change, temperature changes, natural disasters
biotic factors - living things, animals, plants, microbes
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Chapter 53
Levels of Organization
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Ecosystem - community plus non living environmental. Can be smaller or larger, define as you wish
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Demographics
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4 factors - Births, deaths, immigration (moving in), emigration (moving out)
Dispersion Patterns
3 dispersion patterns
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random (by wind, don't know where they’ll end up
uniform/equal distribution (territoriality - everyones got their own space, Humans all have their own yard)
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Survivorship Curves
Other: squirrel, bugs, arthropods - age doesn't really effect when you die
Mammals, reptiles, fish & plants - die early
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Population
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Growth Rate - r = R / N per unit time (r - growth rate, R - pop size, N - time?)
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Exponential growth - pop size vs. time, the rate of change increases bc once the orgs have babies, and their babies have babies, the pop size will shoot up.
Why isn't it linear? - if you have more babies than the original 2 that produced them, you're going to get more babies.
When do pops show expo growth? - when theres lots of resources. Usually exponential growth is followed by a crash bc they lose resources (food, space, etc.)
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Ecological Footprint
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If pop was divid. among pop. each person would get 1.7 hectares per person (developing), 10 hectares (developed)
Key Terms:
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shrub - a short, woody plant
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alpine - high elevation, above sea level
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turnover - when the layer flip. colder water is denser. when the weather changes, the top of the water becomes colder and the bottom is warmer
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