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3-Mass deficit (Internal structure (Both (Will be mass and charge density,…
3-Mass deficit
Internal structure
Both
Small
Will be mass and charge density
To measure this assume nuclei are hard spheres
Does not depend on A
3 quarks
Neutrons
up up down
charge of 0, but charge like phenomena do exist
From internal charge distribution
Protons
Scattering experiments
Typical experiments
electron
alpha particle
proton
neutron
de broglie wavelength must be smaller than nucleus
interaction cross sections are very important
probability of interaction
Mass of a nucleus is less than the sum of the masses of individual nucleons inside it
Due to forces holding nuclei together inside
Binding energy is the forces holding together
Stable nuclei tend to have highest binding energy