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Exo & Macro-level intervention of family-centered practice (family…
Exo & Macro-level intervention of family-centered practice
Building fam-centered service systems & practice model
fam support services to reduce stress & risk
wide variety of community-based services that assist & support families who are coping with normal stresses of parenting or care-giving, to provide reassurance, strengthen a family facing child rearing & care-giving problems or prevent occurrence of maltreatmetn
fam support programs are committed to flexible & non-stigmatized service delivery; based in community agencies, nursery, school, or housing projects
fam support program address family self-sufficiency by offering services such as job-training, English as a second languge & literacy classes
Fam-based services to stabilize & enhance family functioning
fam-based services encompass a range of activities e.g. case management, counseling/therapy, education, skill building, advocacy & provision of concrete services for families with problems that threaten their stability
family are seen in their own homes and neighborhood surroundings; home-based workers interact in whatever settings are comfortable for family & are relevant to agreed-upon goals of service
Family preservation services to ensure safety & preserving familiy ties
comprehensive services and support to families judged to be at moderate to high risk of child maltreatment (with case management) or with one or more children at risk of imminent placement or families 'in crisis' for the return of a child from out-of-home care is being considered
workers usually carry caseloads of 2-6 families at a time, see families from 8-20 hrs per week & can be reached by family 24 hrs per day; service duration lasts between 4-12 weeks
family preservation services are intended to 'remove risk of harm to child' instead of removing child from home
Family conferencing in New Zealand
Kinship care
utilizing help of family's extended kinship system to avert/ reduce duration of placement
Shared family care
natural parents & host caregivers simultaneously care for child & work toward reunification and independent care by parents
capacity building
e.g. time-dollar programs provides family support & respite; fill a gap, help to build individual, family & community assets & trust & improve well-being
asset & investment based approaches with children & families e.g. individual development grant, microcredit-lending
indigenous helpers as service providers
Rainmakers
family void in policy-making in HK
Town planning policy: mismatch of resident population & employment opportunities
land policy & housing policy encouraging formation of small family rather than fostering mutual support among extended family members
in welfare planning, service delivery modes are determined by types of service recipients; provision of social services has not been planned from a holistic family approach
unnecessary family separations are maintained by social security policy & immigration policy
work policy: work requirement is overriding family needs; family strengthening measures indeed are work-friendly measures; interacting with strong emphasis on family, it exerts extra-ordinary pressure & burden to those family members in care-giving
emphasis of family involvement in education system but lack of necessary social policy to free parents to do so
family-blaming attitude in social policy in HK
focus on incompetence and inadequacy of families
families in needs are perceived as burden to society; services are provided to prevent further damage or harm to society rather than a genuine concern on families
development of policy/ services subtly reinforced family deficit discourse that is a disempowering discourse to families in HK
emerging family perspective in new millennium
e.g. prioritized public housing provision for family application with senior citizens aged 60 or above
Family Council set up in December 2007
on advice of council, government is looking into ways to include family as a factor to consider in its policy-making process
purpose of these consideration is to help government balance competing needs of families more effectively in making policies; enabling major policy proposals to gain support from community more readily
assessment of family implications has become a mandatory requirement in all policy submissions and Legislative council briefs with effect from 1st April 2013
family impact assessment
goal is to assess direct & indirect effects of policies on families
checklist approach is most widely adopt method of FIA
a series of Family Impact Seminars in policy-making process with participation of professionals, policymakers & families concerned
family impact checklist of australia
政策對家庭福祉的經濟影響
對家人工作與家庭的平衡和勞動參與的影響
對孩子健康、發展和整體福祉的影響
對家庭關係和家庭功能的影響
90 legislative proposals read by legislative council in 1 april 2014 to 2015-16, 95.6% of bill made FI statements
most simple sentence without further elaboration
1 june 2016, central policy unit commissioned the consulting study on 'FIA in HK: A checklist appraoch', last for 18 months up to 30 Nov, 2017
family approach in policy formulation does not simplistically mean always giving highest priority to needs of family; social policies are always subject to conflicting objectives & constraints; to identify considerations of family and various factors in policy formulation & to understand consequences to family
increased family support effort but persisted emphasis on role of family to social well-being
examples of family friendly social policy: Family policy in Singapore
less rely on land & property tax in tax system that enable government to keep price of real property in an acceptable level
86% in Home ownership scheme: individuals can use CPF savings to become homeowners
multi-tier housing scheme: priority allocation for public housing apartments for families with parents/ grandparents living together in same household
housing grant for families who are first time purchasers of a resale flat in same town within 2 km of their parents/married child's flat
creating a pro family environment - typical marriage & parenthood benefits
advocacy for policy & ideological change, law reform
e.g. lack of sufficient funding and a separate budget for mental health
ideological changes through training & development of program package