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Lecture 5 Psychosocial intervention strategies & Emergency response…
Lecture 5
Psychosocial intervention strategies &
Emergency response system
Goals of crisis intervention
1) Stabilisation
2) Crisis symptoms reduction
3) Return to adaptive functioning
4) Facilitation of access to continual care
1) Mitigation
2) Prevention
Strategies to cope in crisis
Individual
1) daily decision, but not decision on big life changes
2) plenty rest
3) reassure that recurring thoughts are normal
4) reach out
5) normalise reaction
6) aware of numbing the pain with overuse of drugs or alcohol
7) physical exercise
8) talk to others
9) eat well
10) structure your time
11) allow yourself to feel lousy
** DRRRR PETETL
Family/support groups
1) spend time
2) give private time
3) offer assistance and listening ear
4) help everyday tasks
5) do not take their anger personally
6) do not make uncomfortable statements
7) family should be kept together and be involved in each other recovery
Psychological first aid
Aim: to provide humane, compassionate and competent care
Goal: to prevent adverse psychological health outcomes, and enhance well being
Characteristics:
not a long term therapy
quick & accurate assessment
time limited, resulting incomplete diagnosis
method is often active, directive, flexible
involve multiple roles
Provision:
1) basic human comfort & support
2) basic immediate physical necessities
3) protect from distress and threats
4) goal orientation and support
5) share experience
6) link system of support & sources
7) personal mastery
8) provision of information
9) identifying needs through psychological triage
**NCT GESMIN
Psychological triage:
Aim: to assess current functioning in order to identify further needs
affect/arousal
behaviour
cognition
Principles:
Brevity
Proximity
Immediacy
Expectancy
Simplicity
**B PIE S intervention model
Factors affecting psychological harm:
lack of emotional and social support
difficulties at scene
presence of other stressors
treatment in an authoritarian or impersonal manner
Supportive counselling
Aim: to help people to come to terns with the crisis, with emphasis to enhance positive coping, facilitate active mastery and intervention in recovery process
Considered for those at higher risk of adverse mental health outcome
Professional
treatment strategies
Psychological debriefing
Behaviour therapies:
systematic desensitisation
flooding
Eye movement desensitisation reprocessing
Cognitive-behavioural therapy
relaxation techniques
medication
anger management
Reduce avoidance of fear stimulus:
flooding
graded exposure in vivo
emotional numbing and depression
(medication, counselling, structured activities)
Emergency behaviour
management in disaster
1) Prevention
2) Preparation
3) Response
4) Recovery
Aim: to support and help victims, emergency service personnel and community cope emotionally and psychologically during crisis. and facilitate their recovery asap