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Materials (Deformation of solids (• The elasticity of a solid material…
Materials
Density
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• Density of regular solid - measure mass using top pan balance and volume using Vernier callipers to make necessary measurements
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• Mass of irregular solid - measure mass of object, then put it in cylinder with water of certain volume and measure amount volume rises by
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Hooke's law
• Hooke’s law – the force needed to stretch a spring is directly proportional to the extension of the spring from its natural length
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• If a string stretched beyond its elastic limit it doesn’t regain its initial length when the force applied to it is removed – no longer obeys Hooke’s law
• For springs in parallel, K = K1 + K2 + … + Kn
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Deformation of solids
• The elasticity of a solid material is its ability to regain its shape after it has been deformed or distorted and the forces which deformed it were released
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• The tensile stress in a wire, σ = T/A where T = tension and A = cross-sectional area, and unit is pascals
• The tensile strain in a wire, ε = ΔL/L where L is length and no unit
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• Stiffness of stress against strain can be compared using the gradient of stress vs strain (Young’s modulus)
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