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Geography - UK Ecosystems (Woodland (Broad leaf trees tend to be deciduous…
Geography - UK Ecosystems
Wetland
There is much vegetation.
Much of the land has been drained to use as farmland
These areas have peaty, fertile soils, hat are periodically waterlogged
Reeds and bulrush grow along the sides of the streams.
Typical animal : Otters.
Typical birds : Mallard and teal.
Woodland
Broad leaf trees tend to be deciduous which means that they lose their leave in the autumn and re-grow them in the spring.
This leaf fall provides rich humus for the wood.
Trees are the dominate plant.
Some areas are made up of conifers which have needle like leaves.
They shed and replace their leaves throughout the year.
The seeds are protected by cones.
In addition to trees, there are mosses and lichens which grow under the canopy as well as plants such as bluebells and ferns.
Typical animal : Roe deer and badger.
Typical bird : Sparrow hawk and tawny owl,
Heathland
The sandy soil drains easily and has few nutrients.
The soil is also quite acidic.
Dry and sandy soils which can have depressions which can be boggy (where rain water accumulates).
These areas have been used for sheep grazing.
Bell heather and bracken, plants need to be well adapted as the soil is acidic.
Typical animal : Rabbits and hares; they are particularly important for reptiles
Typical birds : nightjar and skylark.
Moorland
The area used to be covered by trees and shrubs but the moorland ecosystem ha developed through the grazing of sheep and management of the vegetation for grouse shooting.
In many areas, the moors are burnt to control the growth of plants.
These areas have been created by people.
Small shrub such as heather and grose but some trees may also grow such as silver birch.
Typical animal : Red deer and foxes.
Typical bird : Buzzards and grouse.
