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Introduction to Ecology (Levels of Ecology (Population Ecology How and why…

- - - - Invasive Species When an exotic species and outcompetes the native species
- - - - Hadley Cell An atmospheric cycle of large scale air movement in which warm equatorial air rises, moves both or south, and then descends at approximately 30 degrees north or 30 degrees south latitude
    - - Mountain Ranges When the wind blows from the west, this brings moist air. Extremifying effect
        
        The moist air is carried up the mountain.
        
        It cools and comes down on the side as precipitation.
        
        The remainder air is dry--> Rain shadow
      - Oceans Moderating effect due to Specific Heat--> hydrogen bonds.
        
        The ocean moderates summer temperatures on nearby landmasses due to its ability to absorb a lot of heat
        
        The ocean releases heat in the winter.
        
        Ocean currents move in Gyres or a circular movement. They move clockwise in the north and counterclockwise in the south due to the Coriolis effect.
- - - - Temperature Enzymes operate at a narrow temperature range and affects availability of moisture
      - Moisture Required for life
      - Sunlight Required for plant life to do photosynthesis
      - Wind Exaggerates the effects of temperature and moisture. Wind increases heat loss due to evaporation and convection and increases water loss due to evaporation and transpiration. And pushes around life.
    - - Net Primary Productivity The total amount of biomass generated by the fixation of carbon per year minus the amount oxidized during cellular respiration.
      - Represents the organic matter available for food as for other organisms
        
        Photosynthesis, plant growth, and NPP are maximized on land when teqreopatures are warm and conditions are wet.
      - Often estimated by measuring aboveground biomass