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20 year old female (progressively worsening acute dyspnea (6 hours)…

- - - - Obstruction
        
        Allergic reaction
        
        Angioedema
        
        can lead to
        
        bilateral erythematous swellings of eyelids & lips. 24-48hrs
        
        drugs exposure
        
        ACEi, Aspirin, NSAIDs, antibiotics, oral contraceptives.
        
        Anaphylaxis
        
        hives, flushing, oropharyngeal swelling, wheezing,stridor, hypoxia, hypotension, tachycardia, syncope, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea
        
        drugs exposure
        
        NSAIDs, opiates, penicillin, other antibiotics
        
        more common in children
        
        Foreign body
      - Trauma
        
        Larynx fracture
        
        severe neck pain and dysphonia
    - - Pulmonary embolism
        
        tachypnea, pleuritic chest pain, cough, hemoptysis, pleural effusion, pulmonary infiltrates, cyanosis, syncope
      - Asthma
        
        acute exacerbation
        
        cough, wheezing (expiration), tachycardia, use of accessory muscles, brief fragmented speech, diaphoresis, agitation
      - Atelectasis
        
        ARDS
        
        after exposure to a clinical stressor or within 1 week
      - Infection
        
        Pneumonia
        
        sudden onset fever, SOB. tachycardia, cough with purulent sputum, pallor, cyanosis, dullness, crackles
        
        Tuberculosis
        
        Pleural effusion
      - Maligancy
        
        Lung cancer
      - COPD
      - Pneumothorax
        
        Spontaneous
        
        smoking, family history, Marfan syndrome
        
        Trauma
  - - - hypotension, tachycardia,cyanosis, peripheral edema, chest pain, decreased heart sounds, distended neck veins
    - - Crackles at the lung bases, difficulty breathing (worse when lying down)
    - - Endocarditis
    - - Idiopathic/Primary
        
        Fatigue, Syncope, DOE, chest pain
  - - - Myasthenia Gravis
        
        diaphragm paralysis
      - Guillain–Barré syndrome
        
        Rapidly progressive bilateral symmetric weakness, Areflexia
  - - - hyperpnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, tinnitus, nausea, vomiting,diarrhea
    - - Cherry-red skin, headache, malaise, chest discomfort,,altered mental status
    - - nausea, diarrhea, bronchospasm, hypoxia, bradycardia, miosis, sweating, seizures, muscle weakness, fasciculation.
    - - Metabolic acidosis
  - - - polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, progressive weakness, dry mouth, flush skin, fruity odor
    - - Hemolytic
        
        jaundice, Pallor, Fatigue, dark colored urine
      - Fe deficiency
        
        Fatigue, Pallor, dry skin, brittle hair. Diet, Menstrual period
    - - Thyrotoxicosis
  - - - chills, rigors, fever, Tachycardia, hypotension, skin lesions
    - - SLE
        
        Malar rash, photosensitive rash, oral ulcers, arthritis
  - - - Hyperventilation syndrome
  - - - Oropharyngeal
        
        Epiglottitis
        
        sore throat, dysphagia, hoarseness, fever
        
        Pertussis
        
        Tonsillitis
        
        Space occupying lesion
        
        Peritonsillar abscess
        
        Retropharyngeal abscess