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Feminism (Radical feminism (Exploitation of women by men (Male power and…
Feminism
Radical feminism
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Valarie Byrson commented that radical feminists view women as an oppressed group trying to fight for liberation against their oppressors (women's rights > gender equality)
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Abbot, Wallace and Tyler argued that radical feminists are seeking not just to minimise the differences between men and women as female nature has been concealed and distorted throughout history
There is a need for liberation and re-evaluation - emphasis on the female interests and perspective is known as gynocentrism
Kate Millet used the term 'sexual politics' and argued that the basis of patriarchy is male control of ideas and culture
Concluded that patriarchy demands a revolution in the domestic division of labour with radical alterations towards personal and family lifestyles
Solution - advocated undoing the traditional family unit as it holds the path towards true sexual revolution
Shulamith Firestone - Main reason for the inequality stems from biological differences (role of women to give birth) and not economic ones like that explained by Marxists
Other factors: menstruation, pregnancy, breastfeeding and menopause
During this, women are seen as dependant on men for physical survival
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Marxist Feminism
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Marxist feminists argued that females are unpaid and they are exploited through providing child care and domestic labour for their husbands who in turn get exploited in the workplace
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Marxist feminists do not attribute their exploitation to men like the radical feminists but rather capitalism as the source of their oppression - related to the production of wealth
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Who?
Margaret Benston
Argued that women's position in society benefits capitalism by providing a large reserve of labour force to keep wages down and profits up
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Females have been socialised into becoming docile (submissive) labour force easily manipulated and fired when not required
Fran Ansley
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"When wives play their traditional role as takers of shit, they often absorb their husband's legitimate anger and frustration as their own powerlessness and oppression."
The warm bath theory by Talcott Parsons described the family as a warm bath, because he believed that the family helps to relieve stress and tension from work
Unhappy about
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Share the belief that contemporary societies are patriarchal (men's interests are more important than woman and they are seen to have more power and supremacy
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They hope their voices will be heard - feminist movements were organised around this belief and efforts were made to change it
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Liberal feminism
Do not clearly developed theories of gender inequality like the others since it stems from the denial of equal rights and the primary obstacles to equality is sexism
All people are created equal and should not be denied equality of opportunity because of gender; nobody benefits from gender inequality and both males or females are harmed
Focus their efforts on social change through the construction of legislation and regulation of employment practices to create of equal opportunities in education and work
Do not seek revolutionary change, they accept the existing social structure with some changes within it
March of progress explains that liberal feminism has resulted in some improvements for women in western societies
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Goals of feminism
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Marxist feminism and radical feminism fundamentally challenge the way society is presently organised and seek major change
Liberal feminism basically accepts the system as it is but seeks to ensure women have equal opportunities with man within the system
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Characteristics
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This view is coupled with the belief that women are disadvantaged and their interests are ignored or devalued in society
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