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Transcription (Similarities between DNA replication (Fundamentally similar…
Transcription
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what is it?
The mechanism by which one strand of the DNA molecule is used as a template to yield an RNA molecule
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The RNA product may be mRNA, tRNA, snRNA, or another type of RNA
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Flanking regions
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3' trailer aids stability, long sequences of Us cause instability
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Alteration of mRNA ends
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Functions: Protect mRNA from hydrolytic enzymes - They help ribosomes attach to the 5'end - They seem to facilitate the export of mRNA
Prokaryote termination
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interaction activates an ATPase of Rho that is associated with its movement along the RNA in the 3' direction until it unwinds RNA-DNA hybrid at the active site of RNA polymerase
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RNA polymerase
bacteria have a single type of RNA polymerase that catalyses synthesis of mRNA, rRNAs and tRNAs encoded in the bacterial chromosome
mRNA processing the 5'
7- methyl guanosine is added by a triphosphodiester bond - It provides binding for ribosome and also protects the 5' end
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Coding strand: is not used as a template, but is identical in sequence to mRNA / DNA U's are T's
Promoter sequences: A stretch of DNA sequence that lies upstream that is required to direct the inititation of transcription by an RNA Polymerase
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RNA Splicing removes introns and joins exons, creating a continuous coding sequence
Spliceosomes: Consist of a variety of proteins and several small nuclear ribonucleoproteins that recognise and splice sites