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CONVULSIVE CONDITIONS ( GRAND MAL EPILEPSY ). /Generalized tonic clonic…
CONVULSIVE CONDITIONS ( GRAND MAL EPILEPSY ). /Generalized tonic clonic seizure
Definition
Loss of consciousness and violent muscle contractions
Pathophysiology
Initiated by 3 different mechanisms
Abnormal response of hyperexcitable cortex to initially normal thalamic input
Primary subcortical trigger
Abnormal cortical innervation from subcortical structures
causes
infections such as encephalitis or meningitis,
stroke
traumatic head injuries
brain tumors
genetic syndrome
diagnostic tests
Neurological exam
Blood tests
Lumbar Puncture
Computerized tomography(CT) scan
Positron emission tomography (PET)
Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT)
assessment findings and common findings
Patient looses consciousness,
Incontinence of urine and faeces during fit
patient muscles suddenly contract may injure him/herself ( biting tongue or hitting objects ),
fatigue
scream, cry out loud
Nursing care plan
Deficient Knowledge
Lack of exposure, unfamiliarity with resources
Patient will participate in the learning process.
Risk for Ineffective Airway Clearance:
Tracheobronchial obstruction
Patient will maintain effective respiratory pattern with airway patent or aspiration prevented.
Management
Medical management
Measure blood glucose and treat hypoglycaemia, if present.
Diazepam, rectal, 0.5 mg/kg/dose as a single dose
Surgical management
Vagus nerve simulator
Nursing management
Push aside any furniture that may injure the patient during the seizure.
No attempt should be made to restrain the patient during the seizure
If the patient is in bed, remove pillows and raise side rails
Health education
Get enough Sleep
Wear a medical alert Bracelet
Take medication correctly
Take shower insted of baths, unless someone is near you
Dispaly seizure first- aid tips
risk factors
sleep deprivation
illicit drug use
family history of sezures