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Education (Class differences in achievement (Cultural deprivation theory,…
Education
Class differences in achievement
Overall patterns
W/c generally achieve lower
R/c 2-3 times more likely to get five or more A*-C GCSEs, 5 times more likely to go to university
Internal and external factors
Achievement and home background
Cultural factors
Class differences in norms and values through socialisation
Material factors
Physical necessities (e.g. housing, diet etc)
Cultural deprivation theory
'Culture' norms and values transmitted though socialisation (different classes)
Intellectual stimulation
W/c with less educational resources (disadvantage)
Language - :silhouette: Bernstein (1975)
Elaborated vs restricted speech codes
Parents' education - :silhouette: Feinstein (2008)
Parenting style, parents' educational behaviours, language and use of income
Working-class subcultures
Immediate gratification, fatalism, low value on education (:silhouette: Hyman - w/c don't value so don't try)
Criticisms
Ignores material deprivation importance (poverty)
Ignores impact of school factors
Blames victim for failure, critics = different culture to education system
Material deprivation
Poor housing, poor diet and low income can cause w/c underachievement
Financial costs of education
Poorer families can afford less educational opportunities
School factors and achievement