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ACCENTS & DIALECTS Backgroundcat (Accent/dialect loss & levelling…

- - - - th-fronting: three becomes fri London/SE
      - th-stopping: this becomes dis (urban/youth)
      - rhoticity - r is pronounced before a consonant & at ends of words e.g.. far SW
      - Lack of ng-coalescence: singer rhymes with finger NW
      - L-vocalisation - L pronounced like W eg. well
- - - - Liverpool rated by public to be least friendly, trustworthy & intelligent
      - Shows how public have preconceived ideas about people based on their accent
    - - Bham accent is perceived as less intelligent than staying silent
      - Could be due to flattening of vowels - no evidence that it is less intelligent
      - Suggests non-standard variations of English are less popular with the public
    - - RP
        
        High prestige & status - associations with elite 3% who speak it & work in positions of authority
        
        Low solidarity - didn't gain mutual support - threatening, patronising, unrelateable?
    - - Stereotype of the place transfers onto all the people & finally the accent
      - After Hillsborough disaster there were countless reports of crime & violence - became associated with Scouse accent - hard for it to shake
    - - Regional Varieties - Bham rated more favourably in terms of integrity & friendliness
      - Shows that whilst RP is seen as powerful & intelligent, it didn't have same connotations of friendliness as other varieties
      - RP rated highly in terms of intelligence & power
      - Matched guise - looked at responses to speakers in terms of character & accent, same speaker performed set speech to different audiences using different accents
      - Accommodation Theory: Convergence & Divergence
  - - - Findings
        
        Participants used standard -ing in contexts deemed formal e.g.. reading a passage but used non-standard- in in causal conversation - code switching
        
        Women dropped the g less - maybe to gain prestige as judged more harshly in society or be seen as correct, smart, useful
      - Research in Norwich looking at -ing/in variable
      - Real life application - person with non-standard may speak in more standard at job interview to change someone's perception of them
    - - WC dropped Hs most of the time
      - MC 1/10
      - Looked at H omission
      - Shows class divide in way se speak
      - WC seen as inferior & use non-standard more so do we really dislike accent/dialect feature or just people using it?