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Nucleic Acids (Properties of Nucleotide bases affect the structure of…
Nucleic Acids
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Unusual Nucleotide bases
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Altered or unusual bases in DNA molecules often have roles in regulating or protecting genetic information
In this case methylation does not interfere with the Watson-crick pairing of DNA - the methyl group is positioned in the major groove of the DNA controlling protein binding to target sites on DNA
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Chargaffs rules
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The amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine and the amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosine
26% A bases the T also =26% total = 52% which makes 48% leftover divide this by 2 C = 24% and G = 24%
Main functions of RNA
In general RNA transmits genetic information by carrying out the instructions encoded in DNA , it carries this information, deciphers this information and is used in the formation of proteins.
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Purines
- Purines are composed of two rings that are fused, each ring has two nitrogen (N) atoms.
- Structure is known as Bicyclic because of the two interlocking rings
Emil Fischer Discovered that all members of the purine family were variations of the parent substance purine. Containing the same basic structure - with differing function groups attached.
Pyrimidines
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Simplest member of the family is pyrimidine with the general structure of all the members of this family based on this structure.
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