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The drainage basin system (flows (above ground (through fall refers to the…
The drainage basin system
Inputs
precipiton is the main inpt into the hydrolocal cycle. the main caritistics that affect local hyrology include - The total amount of precitptation, type of prciion, gegrapical disuption and sesons
outputs
eveortation & trasporation
incrse the warm, dry conditions & decrese under cold calm conditions meterolcgocal factors affections evportatnporation (evt) include tempriture, humidity & wind speed - temp is the most inportant. outher factos include the mmout of water avalble . vegition cover & albedo. EVT repents the most inportant
flows
above ground
through fall
refers to the water that ether falls through gaps in vegation or that drops from leavs or twigs
stem flow
is whater that runs down twigs & branches to the main trunk
overland flow
can occur in 2 main ways:
when precitpitation exeeds the infitation rate
when the soil is satrated - conmon areas of high precition & low infration rate
chanel storage
- is where the the movement of water in chanels -reivers & steems
below ground
infiltation capacity
- is the maxamum rate at which rain can be absobed by the soil. It is unversly related to overland runoff & can be linked to a number of factors inclding rainfall duration, anteseendet soil mosture (pre existing levels of soil mosture) prostorit & slope angle.
percolation
is the slow downward movemt of water from the soil to the bed rock
through flow
refers to the water flowing though the sil in natral pup elines & percaltes most groundwater is found a few 100m below the serface
baseflow
is the part os the rivers discage that is provided by goundwater seeping into the bed of th river- reltively contsitant flow, although it incrse slightly flowwoling a wet period
undergound water
the water table
is the top of the groundwater, it vairies seosally
recarge
refers to the refilling of water in pores where it has dired up or been exeetracted by human activity- where recrage is not occoring.
groundwater
is reviwed as non - renewable a spring is a natral flow of water from the earths serface - it occors when the water table ( upper serface of satration whtiin permeable rocks) occors at the serface